Martha Alicia Higareda-Almaraz

Usefulness of serum lipid peroxide as a diagnostic test for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in the full-term neonate

Objective:To evaluate the usefulness of serum lipid peroxide (LPO) for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in full-term neonates.Study Design:Diagnostic test evaluation forming three groups: (1) healthy full-term neonates (n=59), (2) at-risk full-term neonates without HIE (n=57) and (3) at-risk full-term neonates with HIE (n=57). HIE diagnosis was made using the Finer clinical classification at 48 h after birth. Serum LPO was taken at 4 h after birth and determined by spectrophotometry.Result:One hundred seventy-three full-term neonates were studied. Fifty-one of the at-risk full-term neonates with HIE (51/57) had high serum LPO and two of the at-risk full-term neonates without HIE (2/57) (P<0.001). Serum LPO level had 89% sensitivity, 96% specificity, 96% positive predictive value, 90% negative predictive value, 24 positive probability ratio, 0.11 negative probability ratio and 92% diagnostic usefulness.Conclusion:Serum LPO level could be a useful test for early diagnosis of HIE in full-term neonates.

Aptitud de padres para prevenir abuso sexual en menores después de una intervención educativa participativa

Objective. To evaluate the aptitude of parents regarding the educational impact of equity education for children to prevent child sexual abuse using participatory strategies. Material and Methods. Quasi-experimental design. Ninetytwo parents with children in preschool were included in the study. The parents were given a course using participatory educational strategies for one hour daily over a period of 20 days. Prior to the course, a group of experts in child education and sexology prepared a questionnaire with 20 sentences. A Wilcoxon test was used to compare intergroup differences Results. We found statistically significant differences in the parents’ responses before and after the educational intervention, with a median (range) of 10(2-12)/18(6-20), p<0.01. Conclusions. A significant change in aptitude was noted when parents attended classes using a participatory strategy to learn about the impact of educational equity for the prevention of child sexual abuse. Thus, it is imperative to continue evaluating different educational strategies.

Disability-Adjusted Life Years for Cancer in 2010–2014: A Regional Approach in Mexico

The disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were used to estimate the regional (state of Colima, Mexico) cancer burden in 2010–2014. The years of life lost (YLL) were estimated with mortality data and years lived with disability (YLD) using incidence data. The DALYs were calculated as the arithmetic addition of YLL and YLD. Sex and cancer site-specific estimations were made and DALY rates were used to identify the leading causes of disease burden. Data from 2532 deaths were analyzed and, for all malignant tumors combined, 18,712.9 DALYs and 20,243.3 DALYs were estimated in males and females respectively. The overall contribution of YLL in DALY estimates was higher among females (93.7% vs. 87.4%). Age-standardized DALY rates (and 95% confidence intervals, CI) per 100,000 inhabitants were used to rank the leading causes of disease burden and, among males, malignant tumors from the prostate, lower respiratory tract, and colon and rectum accounted the highest rates (45.7, 95% CI 32.7–59.3; 37.6, 95% CI 25.7–49.9; and 25.9, 95% CI 16.0–36.1 DALYs). Breast, cervix uteri, and lower respiratory tract cancer showed the highest burden in females (66.0, 95% CI 50.3–82.4; 44.4, 95% CI 31.5–57.7; and 20.9, 95% CI 12.0–30.0 DALYs). The present study provides an indication of the burden of cancer at the regional level, underscoring the need to expand cancer prevention, screening, and awareness programs, as well as to improve early diagnosis and medical treatment.

Complicaciones asociadas al catéter percutáneo en recién nacidos pretérmino y a término

espanolObjetivo: Identificar las complicaciones asociadas al cateter percutaneo en recien nacidos pretermino y a termino. Metodo: Estudio transversal comparativo. Se incluyeron recien nacidos que tenian insertado un cateter percutaneo, con resultados de cultivo de sangre y segmento distal del cateter. Se formaron dos grupos: pretermino y a termino. Se calcularon la razon de momios (RM) y el intervalo de confianza del 95% (IC 95%). Resultados: Se analizaron datos de 50 recien nacidos por grupo. En los pretermino y a termino se encontro un valor de la media de edad gestacional de 30 ± 3 y 40 ± 2, respectivamente (p = 0.01), y unos porcentajes de sepsis por cateter del 36 y el 18% (p = 0.02; RM: 2.56; IC 95%: 1.02-7.17), de cateter infectado del 50 y el 22% (p = 0.01; RM: 5.92; IC 95%: 1.66-23.12), de cateter colonizado del 24 y el 14% (p = 0.01; RM: 3.58; IC 95%: 1.32-9.90), de infeccion local del 14 y el 8% (p = 0.03; RM: 1.87; IC 95%: 1.45-8.29), de infiltracion del 18 y el 4% (p = 0.02; RM: 5.27; IC 95%: 1.17-59), de retiro accidental del 6 y el 22% (p = 0.02; RM: 0.23; IC 95%: 0.05-0.87) y de rotura del cateter del 10 y el 28% (p = 0.02; RM: 0.29; IC 95%: 0.08-0.98). Conclusiones: Se encontro mayor asociacion de infecciones e infiltraciones por cateter percutaneo en los pretermino, y de retiro accidental y rotura del cateter en los nacidos a termino. EnglishObjective: Identify percutaneous catheter-related complications in preterm and term newborns. Methods: Comparative cross-section. Were included newborns whit percutaneous catheter insertion, blood culture results and distal catheter segment. Were formed two groups: Preterm and term. Results: Were analyzed the data of preterm (n = 50) and term (n = 50) newborn, the gestational age was 30 ± 3 and 40 ± 2 (p = 0.01). The frecuency in preterm and term newborn was respectively, sepsis catheter 36 and 18% (p = 0.02; OR: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.02-7.17), infected catheter 50 and 22% (p = 0.01; OR: 5.92; 95% CI: 1.66-23.12), colonized catheter of 24 and 14% (p = 0.01; OR: 3.58; 95% CI: 1.32-9.90), local infection 14 and 8% (p = 0.03; OR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.45-8.29), infiltration 18 and 4% (p = 0.02; OR: 5.27; 95% CI: 1.17-59), accidental removal 6 and 22% (p = 0.02; OR: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.05-0.87) and catheter rupture 10 and 28% (p = 0.02; OR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.08-0.98). Conclusions: We found a higher association of infections and infiltrations by percutaneous catheter in preterm and term prevailed in accidental removal and catheter rupture.