Martin G. H. Hiddink

2‐D/3‐D switchable displays

— In this paper, the design of a lenticular-based 2-D/3-D display for mobile applications is described. This display combines look-around capability with good 3-D resolution. In order to allow high-resolution datagraphic applications, a concept based on actively switched lenses has been developed. A very noticeable problem for such displays is the occurrence of dark bands. Despite slanting the lenticular and defocusing the lens, banding becomes unacceptable when the display is viewed from an angle. As a solution, fractional viewing systems to reduce the banding intensity by almost two orders of magnitude is introduced. The resulting 3-D display can be viewed from any horizontal direction without banding.

Towards large‐area full‐color active‐matrix printed polymer OLED television

Abstract— We have developed a new multi-head polymer OLED ink-jet-printing technology to make large-screen OLED television displays. This printer is used to make a 13-in.-diagonal 16:9-format polymer-OLED prototype driven by an LTPS active matrix with a pixel circuit which compensates for TFT threshold-voltage variations. A novel scrolling-bar addressing scheme is used to reduce motion artifacts and to make sparkling images with a high local peak brightness. The scalability of the polymer-OLED technology to larger sizes for television applications is discussed.

Switchable lenticular based 2D/3D displays

The use of an LCD equipped with lenticular lenses is an attractive route to achieve an autostereoscopic multi-view 3D display without losing brightness. However, such a display suffers from a low spatial resolution since the pixels are divided over various views. To overcome this problem we developed switchable displays, using LC-filled switchable lenticulars. In this way it is possible to have a high-brightness 3D display capable to regain the full native 2D resolution of the underlying LCD. We showed the feasibility of LC-filled switchable lenticulars in several applications. For applications in which it is advantageous to be able to display 3D and 2D on the same screen, we made a prototype having a matrix electrode structure. A problem with LC-filled lenses is that in the 2D state there is a residual lens effect at oblique angles. This effect and a possible solution are discussed as well.

20.1: Locally Switchable 3D Displays

3D displays will drastically enhance the viewing experience of future displays for many applications. Unfortunately, 3D displays generally have a lower resolution since the pixels are divided over more views. Therefore, some 3D displays have the opportunity to switch between 2D and 3D mode such that either natural 3D images or high-resolution 2D images can be displayed. However, especially for mobile applications it is advantageous to be able to display 3D and 2D at the same time. In this paper we will discuss the design and driving of locally switchable lenticulars, which combines perfect high-resolution 2D with natural 3D areas.

44.4: Distinguished Paper: Towards Large‐Area Full‐Color Active‐Matrix Printed Polymer OLED Television

We have developed a new multi-head Polymer OLED inkjet print technology to make large screen OLED television. This printer is used to make a 13″ diagonal 16:9 format Polymer OLED prototype driven by an LTPS active matrix with a pixel circuit which compensates for TFT threshold voltage variations. A novel scrolling-bar addressing scheme is used to make sparkling images with a high local peak brightness. Color processing is used to improve the overall perception of the image.

28.1: Invited Paper: Multi-view 3D Displays

In this paper we analyze the performance of multi-view barrier and lenticular based 3D displays in their most important display properties, being resolution, brightness, uniformity and cross-talk. We will show that the barrier display is superior in uniformity and that the lenticular is superior in brightness. We will show that the cross-talk and uniformity of an ideal slanted barrier equal that of an ideal defocused lens. for a realistic barrier we will show that diffraction increases the cross-talk but does not change the uniformity. We will also show that the spherical aberrations of the cylindrical lens limit the uniformity of the display but do not affect the cross-talk.

54.1: Invited Paper: A Novel Cathode for CRTs based on Hopping Electron Transport

The Hopping Electron Cathode (HEC) is a novel low-drive electron source, which can be used in CRTs to reduce the cost of the set electronics and to improve the image quality. It is based on a self-regulating secondary emission process enabling transport of electrons over insulating surfaces. The HEC utilizes this mechanism to compress electrons coming from a large conventional cathode into a small funnel structure of insulating material. The exit of the funnel serves as a high-brightness electron source for a CRT and can be used to reduce the spot size.

The Hopping Electron Cathode for Cathode Ray Tubes

Publisher Summary The hopping electron cathode (HEC) is a novel low-drive electron source that can be used in cathode ray tubes (CRTs) to reduce the cost of the set electronics and to improve the image quality. It is based on a self-regulating secondary emission process enabling transport of electrons over insulating structures. The HEC uses this mechanism to compress electrons coming from a large conventional cathode into a small funnel structure of insulating material. This chapter discusses the major issues that can arise related to the performance and lifetime of the HEC, such as spot size, bandwidth, Coulomb blockade, delayed emission, contamination, deterioration of the hop coating under electron bombardment, sputter damage due to ion bombardment, and heat effects from the dissipative hop mechanism. The lifetime of HEC is determined by the stability of the threshold hop voltage. When the threshold hop voltage changes as a function of time and becomes larger than the applied transport voltage, end of life is reached or the transport voltage needs to be increased.