Martin I. Resnick

Genetic Predisposition to Formation of Calcium Oxalate Renal Calculi

Abstract Significantly higher frequencies of renal calculi were found among the 625 parents and sibs of 106 subjects prone to calcium oxalate stone formation as compared with 576 corresponding rela...

Transrectal Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Patients with Prostatic Carcinoma

There were 53 patients with biopsy-proved prostatic carcinoma evaluated by the usual modalities, in addition to ultrasonography. Of this group 23 patients underwent radical prostatectomy and ultrasonography was helpful in assessing tumor involvement around the seminal vesicles. Tumor response to hormonal therapy was detectable readily with ultrasonic imaging but tumor reactivation was not apparent consistently.

Horseshoe Kidney and Urolithiasis

AbstractPatients with horseshoe kidney and associated urinary stone disease were reviewed. There were 8 patients evaluated and the data indicate that similar metabolic parameters governing stone disease in anatomically normal kidneys also are operative in the horseshoe kidney. This fact must be recognized in the evaluation of these patients so that metabolic disorders can be identified and treated properly.

Recent Progress in Ultrasonography of the Bladder and Prostate

Gray scale transrectal ultrasonography has proved to be a valuable adjunct in the evaluation of patients with tumors of the prostate and bladder. Its application in patients with prostatic disease is in the detection of early asymptomatic tumors, in the accurate staging of local disease and in the following of patients after the institution of specific treatment. Although it is not being used for the detection of bladder tumors the procedure is a reliable means to evaluate the degree of tumor invasion so that proper therapy can be instituted.

Bilateral Staghorn Calculi—Patient Evaluation and Management

A total of 44 patients (17 men and 27 women) with simultaneous bilateral staghorn calculi underwent anatrophic nephrolithotomy with caliceal reconstruction. Excluding patients with urinary tract infection alone all but 3 had identifiable metabolic abnormalities that required treatment postoperatively. Based on numbers of kidneys operated upon the stone recurrence rate was 8.8 per cent for men and 7.4 per cent for women. No patient has required an operation for recurrent stone disease.

Ultrasonic evaluation of the prostatic nodule.

Prostatic nodules detected on rectal examination of 50 patients were evaluated by the usual means and by prostatic ultrasonic scanning. Nodules were characterized as being either malignant, benign, inflammatory or stones. Those patients without evidence of calcification on radiography underwent prostatic biopsy and the histological findings were compared to the ultrasonic study. All histologically confirmed malignancies were diagnosed preoperatively and there were no instances of falsely negative ultrasonic studies.

Anatrophic Nephrolithotomy in the Solitary Kidney

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 30 patients who had undergone anatrophic nephrolithotomy for staghorn calculus disease in a solitary kidney. No statistically significant difference (p greater than 0.1) was found between the average preoperative and postoperative renal function values. Of 27 patients who were infected preoperatively 19 were rendered free of further urinary tract infection and 24 of 30 patients (80 per cent) had no further recurrence of renal calculi. Because of the predictable morbidity and mortality associated with the non-operative management of staghorn calculus disease these patients are managed best by the complete surgical removal of all calculi and intensive antimicrobial therapy.

Cyclophosphamide versus cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil in advanced prostatic cancer: A randomized trial

Thirty‐two evaluable patients with metastatic carcinoma of the prostate were entered into a prospective randomized trial comparing cyclophosphamide (CYC) with a combination of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF). Progressive disease after endocrine manipulation was noted in 97% (31/32) of patients before entry. Stable disease (S) was observed in 9 of 17 patients treated with CYC. One partial response (PR) and seven stable responses occurred in the 15 CMF patients. Median duration of stable response was 4.5 months for CYC and 4.5 months on CMF. Median survival of patients with PR and S receiving CYC was 10.1 and for CMF 8.8 months. Patients with progressive disease survived a median 1.7 and 2.6 months with CYC and CMF, respectively. Toxicity was moderate, and no deaths were attributable to sepsis or bleeding. Almost all patients in this study had bone lesions as the dominant site of disease; this made objective assessment of response difficult. There was no significant improvement in response conferred by the combination regimen. Although patients with metastatic prostatic cancer may benefit from chemotherapy, impressive clinical responses are uncommon.

Homozygous Cystinuria—Evaluation of 35 Patients

AbstractWe discuss the characteristics of 35 patients with cystinuria, which is a medically treatable disease. A successful stone dissolution rate of 55 per cent was observed. Most treatment failures were related to urinary tract infection, poor patient compliance or the presence of associated nondissolvable stones. Surgical intervention usually was required in these patients.

Prevalence Rate of Renal Stone Disease in Forsyth County, North Carolina During 1977

A count of all recorded hospitalized cases of Forsyth County, North Carolina residents with a primary discharge diagnosis of renal (kidneyand/or ureteral) stone in 1977 is obtained by age, race and sex, and used in conjunction with the census data to estimate age-adjusted prevalence rates. The over-all prevalence rate is 2.08 per thousand population, which agrees well with results of earlier investigations. For white male subjects the age-adjusted prevalence rate is 3.64 per thousand, for white female subjects 1.44, for non-white male subjects 0.97 and for non-white female subjects 0.34. The white to non-white ratio and the male to female rates are compared with earlier published values. For all groups the prevalence rate increases with age, attaining a maximum in the 40 to 60-year category for whites and somewhat later for non-whites. Beyond age 60 prevalence drops, reaching 0 or near 0 in the 80 to 89-year range. A simple phenomenological model is suggested to explain the observed race and sex differences in the prevalence rates.