Martin Kanta

Rare case of a localized radial nerve amyloid neuropathy.

Abstract We report the case of a 55-year-old woman with a 6-month history of progressive paresis of the right radial nerve. Perioperative imaging detected a spindle-shaped expansion of the radial nerve caused by an isolated local deposit of amyloid (amyloidoma). The deposit was resected in 2 phases and the resulting defect was bridged by a sural nerve autograft. Overall internal and hematological examination did not reveal systemic amyloidosis or lymphoproliferative disorder. The reason for our report is that localized forms of amyloid neuropathy are very rare.

The potential benefit of intracarpal pressure measurement in endoscopic carpal tunnel syndrome surgery--an analysis of EMG findings and pressure values.

Endoscopic carpal tunnel syndrome surgery is a modern minimally invasive method of carpal tunnel decompression. However, the method does also have its critics, who emphasize that there is an increased rate of complications in comparison to open procedures. To further improve and optimize results of endoscopic surgery we used an intracarpal pressure sensor to verify the effect of carpal tunnel decompression. The endoscopic single portal approach was used in all cases. Median nerve conduction studies were performed prior to and 3 months after surgery. Two groups, those with pressure studies and those without, were then compared according to several EMG parameters such as: median nerve distal motor latency, amplitude of motor response, sensory nerve conduction velocity to the index finger, and amplitude of sensory nerve action potential. In both groups, we observed similarly significant improvements in all conduction parameters, except the amplitude of motor response, which did not change in either group, i.e. no difference in postoperative EMG between the two groups was observed. Despite this fact, intracarpal pressure measurement is still useful in localising the point in which the median nerve is compressed and provides valuable functional information on the level decompression achieved.

Malignant schwannoma of the obturator nerve.

Lesions of obturator nerve are rare. Tumours and mainly malignant schwannoma of this nerve are extremely rare. The authors describe an unusual case of a gigantic schwannoma of the obturator nerve in 69 year old woman. Due to tumour expansion in the proximal part of the thigh MRI was performed and demonstrated extensive tumour originating most probably from the obturator nerve. The patient had no neurological symptoms. Biopsy from the lesion was taken at the Department of Orthopaedics with the following conclusion: malignant schwannoma. The patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy due to diffuse metastatic spread on the chest X ray, after which metastatic spread subsided. The main lesion reduced its size by 1 cm. In 4 months after biopsy the patient was referred for operation to neurosurgery. The tumour was removed along its borders and except of minimal weakness of adduction of the right thigh there was no neurological deterioration. She was subsequently referred for further care to oncology and radiotherapy.The goal of this work is to emphasize the extremely rare occurrence of tumours of this nerve and suggest therapeutic options (Fig. 4, Ref. 11).

Nerve Injuries in Supracondylar Humeral Fractures in Children

Aim: To determine the incidence, percentage, possibilities of examination and treatment of peripheral nerve injuries in supracondylar humerus fractures in children. Methods: A retrospective study of patients with peripheral nerve injury in supracondylar fractures treated at the Department of Paediatric Surgery and Traumatology, University Hospital Hradec Králové in 2008–2015. Results: During this period, among the total of 786 patients with supracondylar humerus fractures requiring surgical treatment, concurrent peripheral nerve injury was identifi ed in 59 patients, most frequently n. medianus (57.6%) and n. ulnaris (23.7%). The overall incidence of the isolated n. ulnaris injury (4.6%) corresponded with the published data. Acute treatment of peripheral nerve injury was mostly conservative, more than 37% of nerve lesions recovered within 1 month from the accident, after 6 months the percentage of recovered cases was almost 80%. In two cases (3.4 %), it was necessary to perform microsurgical deliberation of the fi xed nerve from the fracture callus 4 months after the injury. Three patients had minor permanent paresthesias. Conclusion: Peripheral nerve injuries are a common complication of supracondylar humerus fractures in children. The majority of injuries were neuropraxia or axonotmesis receding after adequate conservative treatment. No immediate operative revision or suture was performed in any patient. Surgical deliberation of the peripheral nerve was performed in two cases 4 months after the primary injury. We did not notice a higher incidence of the ulnar nerve injury in the cross-pinning type of osteosynthesis compared to commonly published data on other methods of fi xation. None of the patients have permanent consequences aff ecting their everyday life. Autoři deklarují, že v souvislosti s předmětem studie nemají žádné komerční zájmy. The authors declare they have no potential confl icts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. Redakční rada potvrzuje, že rukopis práce splnil ICMJE kritéria pro publikace zasílané do biomedicínských časopisů. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE “uniform requirements” for biomedical papers. R. Štichhauer, J. Preis, M. Kanta, J. Krobot 1 Oddělení dětské chirurgie a traumatologie, Centrum dětské traumatologie, FN Hradec Králové 2 Neurochirurgická klinika LF UK a FN Hradec Králové 3 LF UK v Hradci Králové  MUDr. Radek Štichhauer Oddělení dětské chirurgie a traumatologie Centrum dětské traumatologie FN Hradec Králové Sokolská 581 500 05 Hradec Králové e-mail: radek.stichhauer@fnhk.cz Přijato k recenzi: 8. 2. 2017 Přijato do tisku: 5. 6. 2017