Martin Tröschel

Mosaik: A framework for modular simulation of active components in Smart Grids

This paper presents the requirements and a concept for a modular Smart Grid simulation framework based on an automatic composition of existing, heterogeneous simulation models. The composition problem is broken down into different layers, for each of which first concepts for solving the problem are presented. A prototype showing the feasibility of the presented concept has been developed. First simulation results of a Smart Grid scenario including electric vehicles as well as renewable energy sources are presented. Finally, the limitations of the prototype and possible improvements are discussed.

Market-based self-organized provision of active power and ancillary services: An agent-based approach for Smart Distribution Grids

Transforming the existing power generation to renewable, distributed generation implicates an increase in complexity for the control of the overall system. We propose a distributed control method to launch products of self-organized coalitions of small active units in a power grid at markets for trading active power as well as ancillary services. Our concept combines the integration of grid restrictions into proactive scheduling of active power with provision of ancillary services, and additionally provides reactive scheduling of active power, e.g. in the case of ancillary service activation.

Designing dependable and sustainable Smart Grids – How to apply Algorithm Engineering to distributed control in power systems ☆

Abstract In this work, we present the Smart Grid Algorithm Engineering (SGAE) process model for application-oriented research and development in information and communication technology (ICT) for power systems. The SGAE process model is motivated by the main objective of contributing application-oriented research results for distributed control concepts on a sound methodological background. With this process model, we strive for an engineering aspiration within the domain of Smart Grids. The process model is set up with an initial conceptualisation phase followed by an iterable cycle of five phases with both analytical and experimental parts, giving detailed information on inputs and results for each phase and identifying the needed actors for each phase. Simulation of large-scale Smart Grid scenarios is a core component of SGAE. We therefore elaborate on tooling and techniques needed in that context and illustrate the whole process model using an application example from a finished research and development project.

Towards reactive scheduling for large-scale virtual power plants

Concerning distributed energy management, virtual power plants are a frequently discussed topic. Although there are several different approaches to the coordination of distributed energy resources in this context, the inherent dynamics of this complex task especially relating to reactive scheduling have mostly been neglected. As a consequence, this paper discusses MARS, a multiagent-based coordination approach contributing to the solution of the reactive scheduling problem for virtual power plants. Following an introduction to scheduling in the energy domain, a general formalization of scheduling in virtual power plants is given. This formalization is used as starting point for the specification of the control system coordinating the distributed energy resources. Finally, the performance of the resulting domain-specific multiagent system is reviewed by means of simulation.

Distributed Power Generation: Requirements and Recommendations for an ICT Architecture

Contemporary power distribution faces various new challenges. Most of those challenges have a strong impact on the ICT-structure required and on system architecture. This contribution briefly introduces changes and requirements imposed, both for trading and distribution of power. On this basis, alternatives for ICT architectures are discussed, recommendations are made on implementation choices for a meaningful sustainable solution, and communication and security challenges are addressed.

Dispatch of Flexibility Options, Grid Infrastructure and Integration of Renewable Energies Within a Decentralized Electricity System

We present results of two model based scenario analysis focussing on the future German power sector which is characterized by a rising share of renewable energies and an associated higher demand for flexibility. Case study 1 is based on a general comparison between a decentrally and a centrally orientated electricity system. The research question of case study 2 is whether flexibility should be centrally balanced by a national market-based dispatch or dispatched in a decentralized manner within regional balancing areas. The combined results of these two case studies offer the possibility to show the differences between a decentralized and a centralized electricity system regarding the dispatch of generation, storage and flexibility options as well as resulting effects on variable costs, CO2 emissions, grid usage and RE integration. Decentralization as control strategy leads to higher variable generation costs due to more expensive generation and less efficient flexibility options that come into the market, while the majority of demand and supply still needs a transmission grid for balancing.

Conjoint generation management and load adaption for an optimised power grid utilisation

An active matching of supply and demand of electric power contributes to an optimised utilisation of power grids. In this paper, we will outline the potential of conjoint power generation management and load adaption measures especially regarding system load balancing in low voltage power grids.