Masahiro Suenaga

Successful Resection of a Ruptured Hepatoblastoma Prior to Chemotherapy: Report of a Case

A 12-year-old boy was referred to our hospital suffering from severe anemia and liver dysfunction. The laboratory data on admission confirmed severe anemia and an elevated α-fetoprotein level. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a mass measuring 51 × 49 mm in size, and abdominal computed tomography showed a low-density mass in S8 of Couinaud’s segment and a low-density area in S7, thus suggesting bleeding in the tumor. Right subphrenic fluid collection and perirectal fluid collection were also observed. Celiac arteriography showed a faint tumor stain fed by A5–8 but no evidence of any extravasation. A diagnosis of pediatric liver carcinoma was made, and the case was classified as T2 C3 V0 N0 M0 Stage IIIA. Although there was no evidence of bleeding during angiography, because of the high risk of rebleeding, a laparotomy was performed before chemotherapy. At operation, the tumor rupture site and hematoma appeared to be in S7, and a right lobectomy was thus performed. Ascitic fluid cytology was class V. The cut surface of the resected specimen showed a tumor measuring 51 × 49 mm located in S8 and a hematoma located in S7. Histologically, the tumor was a well-differentiated hepatoblastoma. The patient was transferred to the pediatric department and treated with six courses of intravenous chemotherapy followed by peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. The outcome has been favorable, with no recurrence as of 25 months after the operation.

Mesenteric pseudocyst of the sigmoid colon

A 31-year-old woman with right lower abdominal pain was hospitalized. Palpation revealed both tenderness and rebound tenderness in the right lower quadrant of her abdomen. Abdominal ultrasonography (US) indicated a multilocular cystic mass on the right side of the pelvic area, and a computed tomography (CT) scan showed a low-density mass measuring 7 cm in diameter. Torsion of the pedicle of a right ovarian cyst was suspected, and emergency laparotomy was performed. At operation, however, the uterus and both ovaries appeared normal, and exploration revealed a yellow-reddish cystic mass, approximately 10 cm in size, in the subserosa of the sigmoid colon. The mass was excised together with a 10-cm segment of the sigmoid colon. Macroscopically, it was a multilocular cyst, measuring 10 × 10 cm in size, and it contained white gelatinous fluid. Histological examination showed the cyst wall to be composed of neutrophils, lymphocytes, fibrin, and fibroblasts, but neither a specific endothelial lining nor proliferating lining was detected. The final pathological diagnosis was a mesenteric pseudocyst. Mesenteric pseudocysts are rare, and only 14 cases have been reported previously in the Japanese literature. Emergency operation was performed in 3 patients, including our own. The etiology of these three pseudocysts (manifested by acute abdomen) was unknown. We suspect that inflammation spread and injured lymph vessels, causing lymph to leak out and pool under the subserosal layer.