Matilde Marcolli

Gravity and the standard model with neutrino mixing

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Locality of Gravitational Systems from Entanglement of Conformal Field Theories

Jennifer Lin, Matilde Marcolli, Hirosi Ooguri, 4 and Bogdan Stoica Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 Department of Mathematics, California Institute of Technology, 253-37, Pasadena, CA 91125 Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, California Institute of Technology, 452-48, Pasadena, CA 91125 Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8583, Japan (Dated: December 8, 2014)

Quantum fields and motives

This is a survey of our results on the relation between perturbative renormalization and motivic Galois theory. The main result is that all quantum field theories share a common universal symmetry realized as a motivic Galois group, whose action is dictated by the divergences and generalizes that of the renormalization group. The existence of such a group was conjectured by P. Cartier based on number theoretic evidence and on the Connes-Kreimer theory of perturbative renormalization. The group provides a universal formula for counterterms and is obtained via a Riemann-Hilbert correspondence classifying equivalence classes of flat equisingular bundles, where the equisingularity condition corresponds to the independence of the counterterms on the mass scale.

Renormalization and motivic Galois theory

We investigate the nature of divergences in quantum field theory, showing that they are organized in the structure of a certain “motivic Galois group” U*, which is uniquely determined and universal with respect to the set of physical theories. The renormalization group can be identified canonically with a one-parameter subgroup of U*. The group U* arises through a Riemann-Hilbert correspondence. Its representations classify equisingular flat vector bundles, where the equisingularity condition is a geometric formulation of the fact that in quantum field theory the counterterms are independent of the choice of a unit of mass. As an algebraic group scheme, U* is a semidirect product by the multiplicative group G_m of a prounipotent group scheme whose Lie algebra is freely generated by one generator in each positive integer degree. There is a universal singular frame in which all divergences disappear. When computed as iterated integrals, its coefficients are certain rational numbers that appear in the local index formula of Connes-Moscovici. When working with formal Laurent series over ℚ, the data of equisingular flat vector bundles define a Tannakian category whose properties are reminiscent of a category of mixed Tate motives.

The Spectral Action and Cosmic Topology

The spectral action functional, considered as a model of gravity coupled to matter, provides, in its non-perturbative form, a slow-roll potential for inflation, whose form and corresponding slow-roll parameters can be sensitive to the underlying cosmic topology. We explicitly compute the non-perturbative spectral action for some of the main candidates for cosmic topologies, namely the quaternionic space, the Poincaré dodecahedral space, and the flat tori. We compute the corresponding slow-roll parameters and we check that the resulting inflation model behaves in the same way as for a simply-connected spherical topology in the case of the quaternionic space and the Poincaré homology sphere, while it behaves differently in the case of the flat tori. We add an appendix with a discussion of the case of lens spaces.

TWISTED INDEX THEORY ON GOOD ORBIFOLDS, I: NONCOMMUTATIVE BLOCH THEORY

We study the twisted index theory of elliptic operators on orbifold covering spaces of compact good orbifolds, which are invariant under a projective action of the orbifold fundamental group. We apply these results to obtain qualitative results on real and complex hyperbolic spaces in two and four dimensions, related to generalizations of the Bethe–Sommerfeld conjecture and the Ten Martini Problem, on the spectrum of self adjoint elliptic operators which are invariant under a projective action of a discrete cocompact group.

Twisted Index Theory on Good Orbifolds, II:¶Fractional Quantum Numbers

Abstract: This paper uses techniques in noncommutative geometry as developed by Alain Connes [Co2], in order to study the twisted higher index theory of elliptic operators on orbifold covering spaces of compact good orbifolds, which are invariant under a projective action of the orbifold fundamental group, continuing our earlier work [MM]. We also compute the range of the higher cyclic traces on K-theory for cocompact Fuchsian groups, which is then applied to determine the range of values of the Connes–Kubo Hall conductance in the discrete model of the quantum Hall effect on the hyperbolic plane, generalizing earlier results in [Bel+E+S], [CHMM]. The new phenomenon that we observe in our case is that the Connes–Kubo Hall conductance has plateaux at integral multiples of a fractional valued topological invariant, namely the orbifold Euler characteristic. Moreover the set of possible fractions has been determined, and is compared with recently available experimental data. It is plausible that this might shed some light on the mathematical mechanism responsible for fractional quantum numbers.

Spectral triples from Mumford curves

We construct spectral triples associated to Schottky--Mumford curves, in such a way that the local Euler factor can be recovered from the zeta functions of such spectral triples. We propose a way of extending this construction to the case where the curve is not k-split degenerate.

Noncommutative numerical motives, Tannakian structures, and motivic Galois groups

In this article we further the study of noncommutative numerical motives, initiated in [30, 31]. By exploring the change-of-coefficients mechanism, we start by improving some of the main results of [30]. Then, making use of the notion of Schur-finiteness, we prove that the category NNum(k)_F of noncommutative numerical motives is (neutral) super-Tannakian. As in the commutative world, NNum(k)_F is not Tannakian. In order to solve this problem we promote periodic cyclic homology to a well-defined symmetric monoidal functor HP* on the category of noncommutative Chow motives. This allows us to introduce the correct noncommutative analogues C_(NC) and D_(NC) of Grothendiecks standard conjectures C and D. Assuming C_(NC), we prove that NNum(k)_F can be made into a Tannakian category NNum (k)_F by modifying its symmetry isomorphism constraints. By further assuming D_(NC), we neutralize the Tannakian category Num (k)_F using HP*. Via the (super-)Tannakian formalism, we then obtain well-defined noncommutative motivic Galois (super-)groups. Finally, making use of Deligne-Milnes theory of Tate triples, we construct explicit morphisms relating these noncommutative motivic Galois (super-)groups with the classical ones as suggested by Kontsevich.

Noncommutative motives, numerical equivalence, and semi-simplicity

Making use of Hochschild homology, we introduce the correct category