Matthias Morys

Globalization, 1870-1914

This paper surveys the causes and consequences of late 19th century globalization, as well as the anti-globalization backlash of that period.

A century of monetary reform in South-East Europe: from political autonomy to the gold standard, 1815–1910

This article documents and analyses monetary reform in Bulgaria, Greece, Serbia and Romania from 1815 (Serbian autonomy within the Ottoman Empire) to 1910, when Greece became the last country in the region to join the gold standard. It explains the five key steps towards monetary reform which the four countries took in the same chronological order, and asks why national coinage and the foundation of a bank of note issue came late in the reform process. The South-East European countries tried to emulate West European prototypes, yet economic backwardness meant such institutions were often different from the outset, remained short-lived or both.