Matthias Schultz

A preliminary lichen checklist for Iran

Abstract Seaward, M. R. D., Sipman, H. J. M., Schultz, M., Maassoumi, A. A., Haji Moniri Anbaran, M. & Sohrabi, M.: A preliminary lichen checklist for Iran. — Willdenowia 34: 543–576. — ISSN 0511-9618;

On the systematic position of the lichen genus Heppia

The systematic position of the lichen genus Heppia in the order Lichinales was investigated. 18S rDNA sequence data were analyzed using a Bayesian approach to infer phylogeny using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. The Lichinales are divided at family level into the sister groups Lichinaceae and Peltulaceae. The genus Heppia forms a highly supported clade in the family Lichinaceae. It is shown that the genus Heppia is morphologically well circumscribed within the Lichinaceae. As a nomenclatural consequence, the family name Heppiaceae is placed into synonymy under the older name Lichinaceae.

New records, range extensions and nomenclatural innovations for lichens and lichenicolous fungi from Alaska, USA

Abstract: Dillman, K. L., Ahti, T., Björk, C. R., Clerc, P., Ekman, S., Goward, T., Hafellner, J., Pérez- Ortega, S., Printzen, C., Savić, S., Schultz, M., Svensson, M., Thor, G., Tønsberg, T., Vitikainen, O., Westberg, M. & Spribille, T. 2012. New records, range extensions and nomenclatural innovations for lichens and lichenicolous fungi from Alaska, U.S.A. — Herzogia 25: 177–210. Surveys of lichens and lichenicolous fungi have been taking place in the U.S. state of Alaska for more than 160 years, but until now assessing the full extent of their diversity has been hampered by the lack of a comprehensive and synonymized baseline inventory. In this paper we will begin to redress this by resolving outstanding nomenclatural issues and providing voucher data for a forthcoming catalog of Alaskan lichens, specifically: 1) synonymization and/or resolution of status of species previously reported from Alaska, with emphasis on Alaskan types; 2) species new to the Alaska lichen biota; and 3) biogeographically significant new records from within Alaska. We report 91 species new to the flora of Alaska, including 65 lichens, three saprophytic calicioid fungi and 23 lichenicolous fungi. Of these, we report thirteen species, Biatora sphaeroidiza, Biatorella conspurcans, Chaenothecopsis arthoniae, Collemopsidium foveolatum, Dactylospora frigida, Halospora discrepans, Lecanora bryopsora, Opegrapha geographicola, Peltigera lyngei, Petractis clausa, Protoblastenia cyclospora, Thelocarpon impressellum and Usnea cylindrica as new to North America. In addition, Arthonia pruinata and Flavocetraria minuscula are new to Canada and Adelococcus alpestris new to the United States. We further place the following five names into synonymy: Lecania disceptans (Nyl.) Lynge [= Halecania alpivaga (Th.Fr.) M.Mayrhofer], Lecidea pallidella Nyl. [= Lecania subfuscula (Nyl.) S.Ekman], Lempholemma triptodes (Nyl.) Zahlbr. (= Leciophysma finmarkicum Th.Fr.), Polyblastia obtenta (Nyl.) Lynge [= Sporodictyon terrestre (Th.Fr.) S.Savić & Tibell], and Verrucaria pernigrata Nyl. [= Protothelenella sphinctrinoides (Nyl.) H.Mayrhofer & Poelt]. We propose restoring the long overlooked taxon Polyblastia exalbida (Nyl.) Zahlbr., currently known only from Alaska, to the North American lichen checklist. Finally, we propose the new combination Puttea caesia (Fr.) M.Svensson & T.Sprib. to replace Lecidea symmictella Nyl., which becomes a synonym.

Notes on cyanobacterial lichens (mostly Lichinales, Ascomycota) of the Canary Islands

Forty-six species and three varieties of terricolous and saxicolous, cyanobacterial lichens are mentioned from the Canary Islands. The new combination Lichinella undulata (Henssen) M.Schultz & v.d.Boom is proposed. Gonohymenia cribellifera ssp. macrocarpum is reduced to synonymy with Lichinella cribellifera. Nineteen species and three varieties are new to the Canary Islands and many taxa are recorded as new for at least one of the Islands. New records of rare or poorly known lichens include: Heppia arenacea, H. conchiloba, Peccania arabica, Peccania teretiuscula, Peltula farinosa and Psorotichia hassei. An annotated list with notes on taxonomy, morphology, ecology and distribution of the species is provided. Selected species are illustrated.

Saxicolous and terricolous lichens from the foothills of northern Oman

To date, 36 species of lichens have been recorded from the Sultanate of Oman, a rather short list in view of the number of potential suitable habitats. During a field trip to the foothills of northern Oman, twenty-four morphologically distinct taxa were found, 20 of which have been positively determined to specific level. Seventeen of these species are new records for the country. The majority of species (13) are cyanobacterial lichens. Most species occurred on compacted soil, mainly in partially shaded habitats such as in crevices in rocks, but occasionally, some species were found in sun-exposed situations on open ground ( Heppia adglutinata ). A few species were found growing on limestone rock. All species recorded during this study have been found in various countries of the Arabian Peninsula, and a marked similarity is evident with the lichen flora of southern Yemen. Zusammenfassung: Bislang waren Vorkommen von lediglich 36 Flechtenarten aus dem Sultanat Oman bekannt. Die Zahl erscheint klein in Anbetracht der Vielfalt der potentiellen Lebensra ume. Im Zuge von Feldarbeiten im Hu gelland des no rdlichen Omans konnten nun 24 Flechten nachgewiesen und 20 davon bis zur Art bestimmt werden. 17 Arten sind Neufunde fu r das Sultanat Oman. Es dominierten cyanobakterielle Flechten. Bevorzugte Habitate waren Bodenkrusten in zum Teil be- schatteten Felslu cken. Gelegentlich wurden auch offene, sonnenexponierte Bodenkrusten besiedelt (Heppia adglutinata ). Einige wenige Arten kamen direkt auf Kalkstein vor. Alle Flechten, die im Rahmen der vorliegenden Studie gefunden wurden, waren bereits aus verschiedenen Teilen der Arabischen Halbinsel bekannt. Es bestehen v.a. aber markante U bereinstimmungen in der Arten- zusammensetzung mit der Flechtenflora des su dlichen Jemen.

An Overview of Lichinella in the Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico, and the New Species Lichinella granulosa

Abstract An overview of the cyanobacterial lichen genus Lichinella in southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico is given. Eleven species are briefly described, notes on relationships among the species are discussed, and distribution maps are provided. Lichinella granulosa is described as new to science. It forms granulose areoles or small squamules with slightly effigurate margins. The new species develops globose to short cylindrical or clavate outgrowths on the upper thallus surface. These progagules are interpreted as soredia. They may function as a second type of diaspore in addition to the sexually produced ascospores. The name change Lichinella myriospora is validated. Lichinella flexa, L. iodopulchra, L. myriospora, L. robustoides, and L. sinaica are new records to the lichen flora of the United States. Lichinella cribellifera, L. minnesotensis, and L. myriospora are new to Mexico.

A Peltula Nyl. diversity hotspot in north-east Portugal, with one species new to science and three species new to mainland Europe

Recent fieldwork carried out for the study of the lichen flora in the Upper Douro region (north-east Portugal) has resulted in a remarkable collection of Peltula specimens, including one new species ( Peltula lobata J. Marques, M. Schultz & Paz-Berm.), three new species records for mainland Europe [ Peltula bolanderi (Tuck.) Wetmore, Peltula farinosa Budel and Peltula zahbruckneri (Hasse) Wetmore] and seven species new for mainland Portugal, that are reported here with a notes on their morphology and currently known distribution. The new species Peltula lobata is differentiated from any other known Peltula species by its thallus shape and size, presence of large, sessile apothecia with widely opened discs and by a complete absence of soredia. Identical specimens were also obtained from the nearby locality of Siega Verde in the province of Salamanca, and from the southern locality of Abla in the province of Almeria, both in Spain. New insights into the morphological diversity of Peltula euploca and Peltula bolanderi are also provided. The region is revealed to be a hotspot for Peltula diversity and a very promising area for further research on the morphological and molecular variation among the former species. A revised key to European species of the genus is also presented.

NEW LOCALITIES OF SOME PAULIA SPECIES (LICHINACEAE, LICHENIZED ASCOMYCOTA)FROM SOCOTRA (INDIAN OCEAN)

New localities are reported for Paulia aldabrensis, P. myriocarpa, P. perforata, and P. schroederi, all being new to the lichen flora of Socotra (Yemen, Indian Ocean). The lichens have been found in shaded sites mainly on steep limestone rock surfaces. The new records of Paulia species from Socotra are included in a discussion of distributional patterns in the genus. From the isolated and disjunctive distributions it is concluded that the Paulia species are palaeoendemics in arid to semi-arid tropical habitats with their origin on the Gondwana continent or even earlier on the pre-Gondwana center of Pangaea. The species of the genus Paulia are described as lichens occurring on limestone in dry habitats and being distributed mainly on tropical islands (Henssen 1986). However, recently a Paulia species was reported from a granite inselberg in the Ivory Coast, West Africa, along a rainwater track (Btidel et al. 1997). Two representatives of the genus, Paulia gibbosa and P. myriocarpa, were found on a granite inselberg in the Orinoco Lowland, Venezuela, (Biidel & Schultz, unpubl. records) and Paulia aldabrensis occurred in northeastern Queensland, Australia, on sandstone (Biidel & Lumbsch, unpubl. records). Paulia species are not restricted to limestone habitats and additional records from silicous rocks can be expected. In general, the 12 species that are included in the genus show quite disjunctive distributions (see Henssen 1980, 1986; Henssen & Jorgensen 1990; Henssen & Tretiach 1995; Tretiach & Henssen 1996). A synopsis of the genus is given in Table 1. This study reports on four Paulia species that have been collected on the tropical island of Socotra in the western Indian Ocean. All species are new entries to the lichen flora of the island (Mies 1994). Paulia perforata (Pers.) Asah. was known from two localities: Rawak Island (West New Guinea) and the Mariana Islands (north of New Guinea), both collections made in the early 19th century. Asahina (1958) clarified the nomenclatural situation concerning the lichen taxa Gyrophora perforata Pers. and Paulia pullata F6e and used the new name, Paulia perforata (Pers.) Asah. Paulia aldabrensis was described by Henssen (1980) from the Aldabra Islands north of Madagascar. To date the species is only known from its type locality and from Australia (see above). Paulia myriocarpa was found in Mexico, the Bermuda Islands, Puerto Rico, and Brazil (in Henssen 1986 as P. tessellata; Henssen & Tretiach 1995) and Venezuela (see above). The identities of Thyrea myriocarpa Zahlbr. and Paulia tessellata Henss. was shown by Henssen and Jorgensen (1990), with the authors consequently suggesting the new combination Paulia myriocarpa (Zahlbr.) Henss. The fourth Paulia species that has been collected on Socotra is P. schroederi, a lichen described as Thyrea schroederi by Zahlbruckner (1921) from coastal limestone rocks in Kenya (near Mombasa). Henssen and Jorgensen (1990) showed that this lichen belongs to Paulia, and suggested the name P. schroederi (Zahlbr.) Henss. It much resembles Paulia gibbosa that is to date only known from the Bermuda Islands (Henssen 1986) and Venezuela (see above). Henssen (1986) considered Paulia aldabrensis and P. perforata as belonging to an eastern group of related species on account of their distributions and the hymenial reactions with iodine. Paulia myriocarpa is thought to belong to a western group (Henssen & Tretiach 1995). Paulia schroederi is closely related to P. gibbosa of the western group and differs from that species mainly in the color of the apothecial disc and its geographic distribution (Henssen & Tretiach 1995). Our newly discovered 0007-2745/99/61-66

Epiphloea belongs to Collemataceae (Lecanoromycetes, lichenized Ascomycota)

0.75/0 This content downloaded from 157.55.39.208 on Fri, 14 Oct 2016 04:07:22 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 62 THE BRYOLOGIST [VOL. 102 TABLE 1. Characters in Paulia based on data given by Henssen (1986), Henssen and Tretiach (1995); additions in Tretiach and Henssen (1996); including our own measurements. Paulia pyrenoides (Nyl.) Henss. is excluded here since it was only tentatively placed into the genus by Henssen and co-workers (Henssen and Jorgensen 1990; Henssen and Tretiach 1995). Distribution areas: Aldabra Isl.-1, Australia-2, Bermuda-3, Brazil-4, Cuba-5, Europe-6, Jamaica-7, Japan-8, Kenya-9, Mariana Isl.-10, Mexico-11, Puerto Rico-12, Rawak-13, Socotra-14, Venezuela-15.

Validation of Anema tumidulum (Lichinaceae, Lichenized Ascomycota), A Widespread Cyanophilic Lichen

The cyanolichen genus Epiphloea is currently included within the Heppiaceae (Lichinomycetes) based on ascus characteristics. The presumed presence of a prototunicate ascus has been used as support for this classification, despite the incongruence with other characters (e.g. spores). Here, we use a molecular phylogeny of the two markers mtSSU rDNA and Mcm7 to investigate the position of Epiphloea . In addition, we have re-investigated the ascus characteristics. Our results place the two species, Epiphloea byssina and E. terrena, within the Collemataceae , nested in Leptogium s. str. The ascus type in both species is shown to be Lecanoralean and similar to the ascus in other Collemataceae , with a strongly amyloid tube-like structure. This observation supports the placement within Lecanoromycetes and refutes the earlier suggested affinities with Heppiaceae and Lichinomycetes. The correct names for these species are Leptogium byssinum and Leptogium terrenum .