Matué Miyasaka

The Mental Deterioration in the Aged and the Computerized EEG Analysis

The relationship between the computerized EEG data and the mental function was studied in 73 subjects aged 60 and over in a home for the aged. The mental function was examined by Hasegawa Test (HT) (simplified dementia rating scale) and Bender Gestalt Test (BGT), and the degree of the mental deterioration was classified as normal, sub‐normal, pre‐dementia, dementia of HT, and as (‐), (+), (++), (+++) of BGT. The EEG records were analyzed quantitatively at resting state with eye‐closed and also at eye‐opened state. EEG variables were compared in each group of the two tests and the both states. The following results were obtained.

Effects of idebenone on electroencephalograms of patients with cerebrovascular disorders

A daily dose of 90 mg of idebenone was given to nine patients with cerebrovascular disorders to investigate its effects on clinical symptoms and electroencephalograms (EEG). Changes in EEG before and after the administration were compared quantitatively by computer analysis using the wave-form recognition method. Significant increase in frequency in the alpha band (O1) and trends of increased appearance of beta waves, decreased appearance of alpha 1 bands, and lowered amplitude in the alpha 1 and alpha 2 bands were observed after administration of idebenone. The theta waves of 30 microV and over had a significantly diminished maximum amplitude (C3) and a tendency to appear less often. Mean frequency of the EEG and appearance of fast waves apparently increased in the patients showing improvement of the clinical symptoms as compared with those not showing improvement. The results suggested that idebenone improved the EEG in the patients with cerebrovascular disorders, causing changes in EEG similar to those observed with psychostimulants.

Epileptic Psychosis and the Occurring Conditions

We had observed 21 cases of epileptic psychosis in the treatment of epileptics during past 10 years. Classifying these patients into an acute psychotic episode and chronic epileptic psychosis, the former consisted of 19 cases and the latter two cases. We have studied the occurring conditions of the psychotic state of these cases and the results were as follows. ( I ) The onsets of epileptic psychosis ranged from 18 to 38 years old. There were 18 among 2 1 cases whose ages were between 30 and 40 years (85.7%). The average age was 28 years. (Table 1) The periods from the onset of epilepsy to the onset of epileptic psychosis ranged from two to 27 years. The average period was 13.2 years. Though only one patient fell into the psychotic episode two years after the first epileptic seizure, the rest (20 cases) fell into the episode after more than six years. Furthermore, 16 cases fell into the psychotic episode after more than 10 years. Thus, epileptic psychosis could be seen in patients who have been suffering from epilepsy for a long time. (Table 1 ) ( 3 ) I n the cases of acute psychotic episodes, the period of episode ranged from three days to five months. Ten cases had the period within two weeks, and four ranged from two to five months. Fourteen out of the 19 cases had the period within two months. The seizure types of our cases were as follows: seven were in the psychomotor (2)

On the Baseline Deflection of Plethysmogram in Depression and Neurosis

1) Plethysmograms taken during the resting state and during the mentally‐stimulated state were studied comparatively among cases with endogenous depression, neurosis and normal subjects. The pulse wave amplitude, baseline deflection and change in the pulse wave form accompanying the baseline deflection were investigated in 34 cases of endogenous depression and 34 cases of neurosis, and compared with 16 normal subjects by using a photoelectric finger plethysmograph.

A Study on the Factors Responsible for Chronicity of Intractable Epilepsy with Complex Partial Seizures–A Statistical Study

In general, it has been held that complex partial seizures were the most refractory to treatment among epilepsies of adult types and carried a poor prognosis of seizures.12 l7 However, there are only few reports having defined sufficiently the electroencephalographic and clinical features relevant to the seizure prognosis.17 The present authors have tried to elucidate statistically the EEGic and clinical features associated with the chronicity and intractability of epilepsy with complex partial seizures (CPS).

The Changing Concepts of Psychomotor Epilepsy and Complex Partial Seizures—Especially on the Phasic Structure

The occurrence of a particular variety of epilepsies characterized by highly complex clinical symptoms comprising psychic, psychosensory, autonomic and more or less coordinated motor manifestations has been known from the earliest beginnings of medicine. This specific seizure form has been termed variously in view of its leading feature and a most distinct symptom combination such as fugues epileptiques (Morel, 1860), petit ma1 intellectuel (Farlet, 1861 ), automatismes ambulatoires (Charcot, I874), epilepsie psychique pure (Laroussinie, 1899, the dreamy state (Jackson, 1898)” and psychic variant (Wilson, 1935), etc. The term “psychomotor epilepsy” was first coined by Gibbs, Gibbs and Lennox (1938)H for this particular type of epilepsies. They tried to define electroclinically a psychomotor entity from 1935 to 1938, based on both the following clinical and electroencephalographic findings: ( 1 ) clinically, this condition was defined as one of a transient clouding of consciousness or as a brief episode of amnesia, during which more or less purposeful and coordinate motor activities (automatisms) appear, and often

Status Epilepticus: Discussion from Experience in Adult Cases

( I ) On Frequency of Status Epilepticus My colleagues and I started our clinical work four years ago in a newly established medical school. During these four years, we experienced five cases of status epilepticus; three cases in our department, two cases in consultation with other departments. All were adults. During this period, inpatients were 322 cases and outpatients (newly-visited) were 1,700 cases. Classification of the diseases is shown in Table 1. Epileptics were about 10% among outpatients and also among inpatients. From these data, three cases of status epilepticus were 1.8% of epileptics in outpatients and 9% of epileptics in inpatients in our department. Compared with the frequency of status epilepticus (3-5 % ) in the literatures, 1.8% was rather low. The reason for the difference was thought to be due to progress in the treatment of status epilepticus in the recent years. However, we wonder whether it would be higher if we included children’s cases. What do the main speakers think about the frequency of status epilepticus?

A Study on Long‐Term Prognosis of Psychomoter Seizures

Behavioral Automatism Phase According to the difference in combination of these phases, we can classify the following four seizure types illustrated in Fig. 1. Type I which consists of the psychomotor lapse phase with or without aura, Type I1 in which the seizure evolves into the oral automatism phase from the psychomotor lapse phase, Type I11 in which the seizure develops into the behavioral automatism