Mauricy Alves da Motta

Static Magnetic Fields Enhancement of Saccharomyces cerevisae Ethanolic Fermentation

Magnetic effects induced in ethanolic fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain DAUFPE‐1012 were studied during a 24 h exposure to 220 mT steady magnetic fields (SMF) at 23 ± 1 °C, produced by NdFeB rod magnets. The magnets were attached diametrically opposed (N to S) to a cylindrical tube reactor. The biomass growth in the reactor culture media (yeast extract + glucose 2%) during 24 h was monitored by measurements of optical density, which was correlated to cell dry weight. Ethanol concentration and glucose level were measured every 2 h. The pH of the culture media was maintained between 4 and 5. As a result, biomass (g/L) increased 2.5‐fold and ethanol concentration 3.4‐fold in magnetized cultures ( n = 8) as compared with SMF nonexposed cultures ( n = 8). Glucose consumption was higher in magnetized cultures, which correlated to the ethanol yield.

Changes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae development induced by magnetic fields.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultures exposed to 110 mT and 220 mT steady magnetic fields (SMF) were studied to observe eventual induced growth alterations and changes in metabolic activity. Cell mass (biomass) growth was evaluated by light spectrometry, and metabolic alterations were estimated on the basis of the CO2 pressure produced and by the culture media pH changes, measured at the beginning and the end of the observation. The yeast strain DAUFPE‐1012, cultivated in a nonaerated liquid agar Sabouraud glucose medium, was exposed to SMF generated by NdFeBr magnets. Results showed alterations induced by 220 mT SMF as an increment in cell proliferation (1.84%) and an increased CO2 production (36.1%) as compared to control groups. Furthermore, the initial‐to‐final pH difference in 220 mT SMF exposed cultures was higher than the 110 mT SMF and the control values. The whole acidification and the rise in CO2 production observed after 220 mT SMF exposure did not correspond to the biomass growth values, as compared to the other cultures, and was apparently provoked by a enhancement in the cellular metabolic rate. This technique becomes very promising for future biotechnological applications in fermentative processes.

Influence of static magnetic fields on S. cerevisae biomass growth

Biomass growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae DAUFPE-1012 was studied in eight batch fermentations exposed to steady magnetic fields (SMF) running at 23oC (± 1oC), for 24 h in a double cylindrical tube reactor with synchronic agitation. For every batch, one tube was exposed to 220mT flow intensity SMF, produced by NdFeB rod magnets attached diametrically opposed (N to S) magnets on one tube. In the other tube, without magnets, the fermentation occurred in the same conditions. The biomass growth in culture (yeast extract + glucose 2%) was monitored by spectrometry to obtain the absorbance and later, the corresponding cell dry weight. The culture glucose concentration was monitored every two hours so as the pH, which was maintained between 4 and 5. As a result, the biomass (g/L) increment was 2.5 times greater in magnetized cultures (n=8) as compared with SMF non-exposed cultures (n=8). The differential (SMF-control) biomass growth rate (135%) was slightly higher than the glucose consumption rate (130 %) leading to increased biomass production of the magnetized cells.

Antinociceptive Action Of Captopril And Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation In Mus Musculus Mice

1. In the present study, the antinociceptive action of captopril was investigated, as well as its association with transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS), in mice under nociceptive stimulation.

Fecundity changes induced by low-doses of gamma radiation on Biomphalaria straminea (Dunker, 1848)

A population of 420 snails Biomphalaria straminea, an intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni, received gamma-rays obtained from a 60Co source in low-doses (0/2,5/5/7,5/10/15/20 and 25 Gy); half population was kept in colonies (allowing cross fertilization) and the other half was maintained in sexual isolation (allowing self fertilization). Results showed that 15 Gy stimulates the fertility of both groups but the colonies were more sensitive and at this dose its fertility overpasses the control group dose. The possible hormonal role played in the observed phenomena is under investigation.

Ação da TENS acupuntural em acupontos na dor induzida pela hipotermia local (0-2º C)

INTRODUCTION: Pain is a multidimensional phenomenon that hampers the development of daily activities. The application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is among one of the most widely used to treat pain. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether acupunctural TENS (low frequency) influences the acute pain produced by local hypothermia in healthy subjects, when the electrodes are located on acupoints TA5 and CS6 and in placebo application. METHODS:Thirty-two volunteers, both male and female, were randomly allocated to TENS groups and sham. The study consisted of three phases: hypothermia without TENS analgesia, hypothermia with TENS analgesia or placebo, and hypothermia post-TENS analgesia or placebo, to evaluate the effect of TENS and placebo in the latency of pain threshold and pain intensity. RESULTS: The results show that the latency of pain threshold significantly increased when compared to the moments before and after use of TENS, while the placebo group showed no significant difference between its cycles of experimentation. Pain intensity was not affected by TENS and placebo. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that TENS acupunctural applied over the area of acupoints TA5 and CS6 is effective in increasing the latency of pain threshold, but does not interfere in pain intensity.

Gamma 60Co DL50/30 of Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818)

The variation of resistance to (60)Co gamma-rays of Biomphalaria glabrata was studied. A population of 480 mollusks was observed during 30 days - distributed in 8 groups of snails isolated and 8 groups of snails in colonies - after exposure (30 snails per group per dose) to increasing doses of gamma radiation. Doses of 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 160, 320 and 640 Gy from a Gamma-cell (60)Co irradiator, were applied to the test groups and two groups control (non-irradiated) of snails - isolated and colony - were kept apart. After have been exposed, the snails were drew back to the aquaria where they were maintained before. The survival was estimated on a daily score of the alive animals in each group-dose, starting after the irradiation exposure day. As a result, the survival self-fertilization forms (DL(50/30) = 218.2 Gy) was found greater than in cross-fecundation forms. These data point to a low radio-resistance on the cross-fertilization forms - the sexual reproductive form - which is most found in nature. The lower radio-resistance of the cross-fertilization forms suggests the presence of some sex-linked hormonal factor related to this phenomenon.

ACTION OF ELECTRIC STIMULATION AND CAPTOPRIL IN NOCICEPTION AND 3,5,3′ TRIIODOTHYRONINE SECRETION IN MICE

The transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) analgesic effect is produced by β-endorphin release that interacts with captopril, a drug used for arterial hypertension treatment that affects thyroid hormones secretion, mainly 3,5,3′ triiodothyronine (T3). To study correlations between TENS (9 Hz×30 min), captopril, and T3, Mus musculus mice received nociceptive stimulation (writhe-induced model) and were treated with captopril (1 mg/kg) and TENS and had the T3 serum level evaluated. Results indicated that T3 serum level rose slightly after TENS application and captopril separately but increased more after captopril alone. In addition, the antinociceptive effect produced by electric stimulation was enhanced by captopril with a high statistical significance (p<0.001). Also, TENS–captopril treatment increased the T3 serum level to values 117.7% higher than control groups, reinforcing the supposed link between neuroelectric stimulation, captopril, and T3 secretion.

Growth changes induced by gamma radiation on Biomphalaria straminea (Dunker, 1848)

Doses of 60Co gamma radiation with 2.5; 5; 7.5; 10; 15; 20; 25; 30; 35; 40; 45; 50; 55; 60; 80; 160; 320 and 640 Gy were applied to 1, 080 snails Biomphalaria straminea, an intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni, divided in groups containing 30 mollusks. In addition, 60 non irradiated snails were kept as control. Fifty percent of the population was kept in colonies (allowing cross fertilization) while the other half was maintained in sexual isolation (allowing self fertilization) and during one month their growth was observed through the daily measurement of the shell diameter. Results showed that after 20 Gy doses the growth in shell diameter of irradiated snails was greater than that of the control group after 30 days. At this dose the snail size was the greatest, among all isolated groups. The 80 Gy doses also induced the final shell diameter of isolated snails to be greater then that observed in the control groups. As this effect was most evident among the isolated snails, a possible hormonal role may have been involved in the observed phenomena, which is under investigation with the objective of identifying any future applications that this could have to schistosomiasis control.