Max S. Lin

Pulmonary distribution of an inhaled radioaerosol in obstructive pulmonary disease

Pulmonary distribution of an inhaled radioaerosol was analyzed in 20 cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 8 of other OPD. Nonciliary/ciliary partition of the distribution correlated with the severity of airway obstruction and approximated 3:1 in mild and 1:3 in very severe obstruction. In nuclear images, the distribution featured contrast abnormalities of hyperdeposition and hypodeposition. Intense hyperdeposition most commonly occurred in hilar and perihilar large airways. In isolated instances, hyperdeposition almost certainly occurred focally at sites of partial bronchial obstruction and diffusely by expiratory trapping; hypodeposition occurred distally to bronchial obstruction and in areas of parenchymal loss.

Distal Penetration in Radioaerosol Inhalation with an Ultrasonic Nebulizer

Thin and dense aerosol mists were generated with a modified ultrasonic nebulizer at two settings. During inhalation lung scintiphotography, the thin aerosol proved to be superior in simulating distal penetration of a single breath of 133Xe. The basis for this difference is discussed in terms of the size of the inhaled particles.

Increased Renal Accumulation of Tc-99m-MDP in Renal Artery Stenosis

Abnormal increased renal accumulation of Tc-99m- MDP was observed in a patient found subsequently to have stenosis of the ipsilateral renal artery. The case is both interesting in itself and for its possible implications regarding the use of radiolabeled phosphates in renal ischemia.

Increased Skeletal Localization of 99mTc-Diphosphonate in Paralyzed Limbs

Whole body skeletal scintigraphy was performed using 99mTc-(1-hydroxyethylidene) diphosphonate in 9 paraplegic, 4 hemiplegic and 3 hemiparetic patients. In 5 paraplegic and all 4 hemiplegic patients, whose paralysis ranged from 2 months to 9 years in duration, a diffusely increased localization of the technetium complex was seen in the bones of the involved extremities. The other 4 paraplegic patients, whose paralysis exceeded 9 years in duration, and all 3 hemiparetic patients had normal skeletal 99mTc complex localization.

Bone scintigraphy demonstrating arthropathy of central joints in ankylosing spondylitis.

Bone scintigraphs in a case of ankylosing spondylitis exhibiting a characteristic involvement of sternal and spinal joints are described and discussed.

111In-phenolphthalexon, a new chelate for extended cholescintigraphy: formulation and preclinical characterization.

The first 111In chelate exhibiting hepatobiliary excretion, a 111In-phenolphthalexon, has been formulated and tested in rats. The preparation of the chelate is simple, reflecting its inherently high stability. Its capability for extended cholescintigraphy allowed distinct visualization of the gallbladder and the bowel to the level of the rectosigmoid in dogs. No lethality or acute toxicity was induced by administration of the chelate.

Indium-111-labeled leukocyte imaging in acute pancreatitis with suspected complicating abscess

Indium-111-labeled leukocyte imaging is described in two cases of acute pancreatitis. The study correctly anticipated the absence in one case, and the presence in the other, of complicating abscesses.

A study of o-cresolphthalexon and its analogs as cholescintigraphic 111In carriers.

111In has been complexed to a series of metal-complexing phthaleins and sulfonphthaleins, and the hepatobiliary excretion of the compounds were compared in rats. The highest biliary excretion was obtained with 111In-o-cresolphthalexon. In a normal human subject, sequential imaging with 111In-o-cresolphthalexon visualized his gallbladder, common bile duct, and the bowel from jejunum to rectum. The potential utility and limitation of this biliary scanning agent is discussed.

Courvoisier??s Gallbladder in Calculous Choledochal Obstruction: Ultrasound and 111In-Phenolphthalexon Studies

Gray-scale ultrasonography and biliary scanning using 111In-phenolphthalexon both demonstrated a dilated gallbladder in a vagotomized cirrhotic with progressive painless cholestasis, which proved to be due to a calculous choledochal obstruction. This case violated Courvoisiers law. Analysis of the 111In excreted in a series of fecal specimen showed a wide variation from high-activity dark feces to low-activity pale ones, compatible with an intermittent choledochal patency suggestive of calculous obstruction.