Maxim Dvornikov

Lepton asymmetry growth in the symmetric phase of an electroweak plasma with hypermagnetic fields versus its washing out by sphalerons

We study lepton asymmetry evolution in plasma of the early Universe before the electroweak phase transition (EWPT) accounting for chirality flip processes via Higgs decays (inverse decays) entering equilibrium at temperatures below T_RL ~ 10 TeV, T_EW T_RL. One finds a strong dependence of the asymmetries on the Chern-Simons wave number. We predict a nonzero chiral asymmetry \Delta \mu = \mu_e_R - \mu_e_L \neq 0 in this scenario evolved down to the EWPT moment that can be used as an initial value for the Maxwellian field evolution after EWPT.

Instability of magnetic fields in electroweak plasma driven by neutrino asymmetries

The magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is modified to incorporate the parity violation in the Standard Model leading to a new instability of magnetic fields in the electroweak plasma in the presence of nonzero neutrino asymmetries. The main ingredient for such a modified MHD is the antisymmetric part of the photon polarization tensor in plasma, where the parity violating neutrino interaction with charged leptons is present. We calculate this contribution to the polarization tensor connected with the Chern-Simons term in effective Lagrangian of the electromagnetic field. The general expression for such a contribution which depends on the temperature and the chemical potential of plasma as well as on the photons momentum is derived. The instability of a magnetic field driven by the electron neutrino asymmetry for the ν-burst during the first second of a supernova explosion can amplify a seed magnetic field of a protostar, and, perhaps, can explain the generation of strongest magnetic fields in magnetars. The growth of a cosmological magnetic field driven by the neutrino asymmetry density Δnν = nν−n≠0 is provided by a lower bound on |ξνe| = |μνe|/T which is consistent with the well-known Big Bang nucleosynthesis (upper) bound on neutrino asymmetries in a hot universe plasma.

Generation of the magnetic helicity in a neutron star driven by the electroweak electron-nucleon interaction

We study the instability of magnetic fields in a neutron star core driven by the parity violating part of the electron-nucleon interaction in the Standard Model. Assuming a seed field of the order

Leptogenesis via hypermagnetic fields and baryon asymmetry

10^{12}\thinspace\text{G}

Galvano-rotational effect induced by electroweak interactions in pulsars

, that is a common value for pulsars, one obtains its amplification due to such a novel mechanism by about five orders of magnitude, up to

Impossibility of the strong magnetic fields generation in an electron-positron plasma

10^{17}\thinspace\text{G}

Effective attraction between oscillating electrons in a plasmoid via acoustic wave exchange

, at time scales

Evolution of a dense neutrino gas in matter and electromagnetic field

\sim (10^3 - 10^5)\thinspace\text{yr}

Quantum exchange interaction of spherically symmetric plasmoids

. This effect is suggested to be a possible explanation of the origin of the strongest magnetic fields observed in magnetars. The growth of a seed magnetic field energy density is stipulated by the corresponding growth of the magnetic helicity density due to the presence of the anomalous electric current in the Maxwell equation. Such an anomaly is the sum of the two competitive effects: (i) the chiral magnetic effect driven by the difference of chemical potentials for the right and left handed massless electrons and (ii) constant chiral electroweak electron-nucleon interaction term, which has the polarization origin and depends on the constant neutron density in a neutron star core. The remarkable issue for the decisive role of the magnetic helicity evolution in the suggested mechanism is the arbitrariness of an initial magnetic helicity including the case of non-helical fields from the beginning. The tendency of the magnetic helicity density to the maximal helicity case at large evolution times provides the growth of a seed magnetic field to the strongest magnetic fields in astrophysics.

Creation of Dirac neutrinos in a dense medium with a time-dependent effective potential

We study baryon asymmetry generation originated from the leptogenesis in the presence of hypermagnetic fields in the early Universe plasma before the electroweak phase transition (EWPT). For the simplest Chern-Simons (CS) wave configuration of hypermagnetic field we find the baryon asymmetry growth when the hypermagnetic field value changes due to α2-dynamo and the lepton asymmetry rises due to the Abelian anomaly. We solve the corresponding integro-differential equations for the lepton asymmetries describing such self-consistent dynamics for lepto- and baryogenesis in the two scenarios: (i) when a primordial lepton asymmetry sits in right electrons eR; and (ii) when, in addition to eR, a left lepton asymmetry for eL and νeL arises due to chirality flip reactions provided by inverse Higgs decays at the temperatures, T < TRL ~ 10 TeV. We find that the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU) rises very fast through such leptogenesis, especially, in strong hypermagnetic fields. Varying (decreasing) the CS wave number parameter k0 < 10−7TEW one can recover the observable value of BAU, ηB ~ 10−9, where k0 = 10−7TEW corresponds to the maximum value for CS wave number surviving ohmic dissipation of hypermagnetic field. In the scenario (ii) one predicts the essential difference of the lepton numbers of right- and left electrons at EWPT time, LeR−LeL ~ (μeR−μeL)/TEW = Δμ/TEW 10−5 that can be used as an initial condition for chiral asymmetry after EWPT.