Maxim Yu. Khlopov

Composite dark matter from a model with composite Higgs boson

In a previous paper [Phys. Rev. D77, 065002 (2008)], we showed how the minimal walking technicolor model can provide a composite dark matter candidate, by forming bound states between a -2 electrically charged techniparticle and a {sup 4}He{sup ++}. We studied the properties of these techni-O-helium tOHe atoms, which behave as warmer dark matter rather than cold. In this paper, we extend our work on several different aspects. We study the possibility of a mixed scenario where both tOHe and bound states between +2 and -2 electrically charged techniparticles coexist in the dark matter density. We argue that these newly proposed bound states are solely made of techniparticles, although they behave as weakly interacting massive particles, due to their large elastic cross section with nuclei, can only account for a small percentage of the dark matter density. Therefore, we conclude that within the minimal walking technicolor model, composite dark matter should be mostly composed of tOHe. Moreover, in this paper, we put cosmological bounds in the masses of the techniparticles, if they compose the dark matter density. Finally, we propose within this setup, a possible explanation of the discrepancy between the DAMA/NaI and DAMA/LIBRA findings and the negative results ofmorexa0» CDMS and other direct dark matter searches that imply nuclear recoil measurement, which should accompany ionization.«xa0less

Strong interactive massive particles from a strong coupled theory

Minimal walking technicolor models can provide a nontrivial solution for cosmological dark matter, if the lightest technibaryon is doubly charged. Technibaryon asymmetry generated in the early Universe is related to baryon asymmetry, and it is possible to create an excess of techniparticles with charge (-2). These excessive techniparticles are all captured by {sup 4}He, creating techni-O-helium tOHe atoms, as soon as {sup 4}He is formed in big bang nucleosynthesis. The interaction of techni-O-helium with nuclei opens new paths to the creation of heavy nuclei in big bang nucleosynthesis. Because of the large mass of technibaryons, the tOHe atomic gas decouples from the baryonic matter and plays the role of dark matter in large scale structure formation, while structures in small scales are suppressed. Nuclear interactions with matter slow down cosmic techni-O-helium in the Earth below the threshold of underground dark matter detectors, thus escaping severe cryogenic dark matter search constraints. On the other hand, these nuclear interactions are not sufficiently strong to exclude this form of strongly interactive massive particles by constraints from the XQC experiment. Experimental tests of this hypothesis are possible in the search for tOHe in balloon-borne experiments (or on the ground) and for its charged techniparticlemorexa0» constituents in cosmic rays and accelerators. The tOHe atoms can cause cold nuclear transformations in matter and might form anomalous isotopes, offering possible ways to exclude (or prove?) their existence.«xa0less

PHYSICS OF DARK MATTER IN THE LIGHT OF DARK ATOMS

Direct searches for dark matter lead to serious problems for simple models with stable neutral Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) as candidates for dark matter. A possibility is discussed that new stable quarks and charged leptons exist and are hidden from detection, being bound in neutral dark atoms of composite dark matter. Stable -2 charged particles O-- are bound with primordial helium in O-helium (OHe) atoms, being specific nuclear interacting form of composite Warmer than Cold dark matter. Slowed down in the terrestrial matter, OHe is elusive for direct methods of underground dark matter detection based on the search for effects of nuclear recoil in WIMP-nucleus collisions. The positive results of DAMA experiments can be explained as annual modulation of radiative capture of O-helium by nuclei. In the framework of this approach, test of DAMA results in detectors with other chemical content becomes a nontrivial task, while the experimental search of stable charged particles at LHC or in cosmic rays acquires a meaning of direct test for composite dark matter scenario.

COMPOSITE DARK MATTER AND PUZZLES OF DARK MATTER SEARCHES

Positive results of dark matter searches in DAMA/NaI and DAMA/LIBRA experiments, being put together with the results of other groups, can imply nontrivial particle physics solutions for cosmological dark matter. Stable particles with charge -2, bound with primordial helium in O-helium atoms (OHe), represent a specific warmer than cold nuclear-interacting form of dark matter. Slowed down in the terrestrial matter, OHe is elusive for direct methods of underground dark matter detection used in cryogenic experiments. However the radiative capture of OHe by Na and I nuclei can lead to annual variations of energy release in the energy interval of 2–5 keV in DAMA/NaI and DAMA/LIBRA experiments.

Possible origin of antimatter regions in the baryon dominated universe

We discuss the evolution of U(1) symmetric scalar field at the inflation epoch with a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone tilt revealing after the end of exponential expansion of the Universe. The U(1) symmetry is supposed to be associated with baryon charge. It is shown that quantum fluctuations lead in natural way to baryon dominated Universe with antibaryon excess regions. The range of parameters is calculated at which the fraction of Universe occupied by antimatter and the size of antimatter regions satisfy the observational constraints, survive to the modern time and lead to effects, accessible to experimental search for antimatter.

DECAY OF COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT AS BOSE CONDENSATE EVAPORATION

We consider the process of decay of symmetric vacuum state as evaporation of a Bose condensate of physical Higgs particles, defined over asymmetric vacuum state. Energy density of their selfinteraction is identified with cosmological constant

Decaying Dark Atom Constituents and Cosmic Positron Excess

Lambda

Muon flux limits for Majorana dark matter from strong coupling theories

in the Einstein equation.

Galactic gamma halo by heavy neutrino annihilations

Lambda

The puzzles of dark matter searches

decay then provides dynamical realization of spontaneous symmetry breaking. The effective mechanism is found for damping of coherent oscillations of a scalar field, leading to slow evaporation regime as the effective mechanism for