Md. Sakil Munna

Emerging diseases in Bangladesh: Current microbiological research perspective

Abstract Bangladesh has experienced a variety of diseases caused by natural dissemination of an array of pathogenic microorganisms into the environment. While cures for these diseases largely depend on the medication strategies of physicians, determining the reasons for disease persistence as well for the onset of reinfection is also essential. Routine diagnosis of common diseases usually means treatment with a range of appropriate medicines; however, failure of these medications because of the drug resistance of microorganisms accompanied by a lack of alertness about the etiology of diseases often leads to fatal results. The present review reports on emerging diseases in Bangladesh and focuses on associated microbiological research into ongoing diseases including enteric, urinary tract, and malarial complications. The viruses associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and hepatitis are also discussed.

Microbiological Contamination and Anti-bacterial Traits of Common Oral Herbal Medicinal Products within Dhaka Metropolis

ABSTRACT Aims: Present study endeavored to examine the growth and survival of microorganisms within 6 categories of oral herbal medicines commonly used by the community within Dhaka metropolis. Methodology: Samples were analyzed for the presence of bacteria and fungi up to 14 days. The microbial analysis was conducted by conventional cultural and biochemical methods. The in vitro anti-bacterial activity of the medicines was also detected employing agar well diffusion method. Results: Initially all samples were found to be contaminated with total viable bacteria (10 2 -10 4 cfu/ml); however, the fungal and pathogenic growth was not observed. In course of time, the bacterial and fungal load increased up to 10 6 cfu/ml and 10 3 cfu/ml, respectively in most of the samples up to 14 days. The staphylococcal growth commenced after 48 hours in all samples and vigorously increased in two samples up to 10 5 cfu/ml. Two categories of samples were found to be populated with

Isolation of pathogenic microorganisms from burn patients admitted in Dhaka Medical College and Hospital and demonstration of their drug- resistance traits

Objective To isolate and quantify the microflora from the burn patients admitted in the Division of Plastic Surgery and Burns outdoor patients in Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh.

Detection of Salmonella spp. and Microbiological Analysis of Milk and Milk Based Products Available within Dhaka Metropolis, Bangladesh

Aims: With a previous observation of pathogenic drug-resistant microorganisms in raw milk samples, current investigation further endeavored to determine the presence of Salmonella spp. and portrayed a complete map of the overall microbiological feature of milk and milk based products available within Dhaka metropolis, Bangladesh. Methodology: Conventional cultural and biochemical methods were carried out to isolate and enumerate the milk and milk based products accessing microorganisms. Standard agar disc diffusion method was conducted to assess the anti-bacterial resistance pattern of the isolated Salmonella spp. Original Research Article Yasmin et al.; BMRJ, 5(6): 474-480, 2015; Article no.BMRJ.2015.050 475 Results: Out of 35 samples studied, 16 were found to be contaminated with E. coli (~10 6 cfu/ml) and 9 samples were found to be contaminated with Salmonella spp. (~10 5 cfu/ml). Fungal growth was also observed in all samples (~10). The Salmonella isolates were found to be resistant against ampicillin (10 μg), cotrimoxazole (25 μg), chloramphenicol (30 μg), ciprofloxacin (5 μg), cefixime (5 μg) and sensitive against ofloxacin (5 μg). Conclusion: As projected from the current study, the proliferation of Salmonella spp. along with their drug-resistance traits could impart the morbidity and mortality associated risk to the overall public health safety.

Demonstration of Antimicrobial Activity of Commercial Oolong Tea and Green Tea Against Pathogenic Bacteria

While an array of plants has long been used for the preparation of medicines, tea plants can be used for disease medication since they have been reported to possess anti-bacterial attributes. Present study emphasized on the assessment of antimicrobial activity of tea against Bacillus spp. (SkB01), E. coli (SkE01), Klebsiella spp. (SkK01), Pseudomonas spp. (SkP01), Salmonella spp. (SkS01), Vibrio spp. (SkV01). Oolong tea and green tea were used to determine the antimicrobial activity employing minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. The results clearly illustrated interesting antimicrobial potentials of both experimented teas against the tested microorganisms. Oolong tea exhibited the anti- bacterial activity against E. coli (SkE01), Klebsiella spp. (SkK01), Pseudomonas spp. (SkP01) and Salmonella spp. (SkS01). As well, green tea exhibited the anti-bacterial activity against Bacillus spp. (SkB01) and Vibrio spp. (SkV01). The in vitro anti-bacterial activity of oolong tea and green tea against the bacterial pathogens revealed most of the tea plants to be effective against the growth and survival of the pathogenic bacteria.