Meghna Virick

Moderators of the curvilinear relation between extent of telecommuting and job and life satisfaction: The role of performance outcome orientation and worker type:

The purpose of this study is to determine factors that are related to employee satisfaction with telecommuting. Recent research supports the notion of a curvilinear relation between extent of telecommuting and job satisfaction. Drawing on control theory, we find that performance outcome orientation (degree to which objective criteria are used in employee evaluation) moderates the curvilinear relation between extent of telecommuting and job satisfaction. We also find support for a curvilinear (inverted U) relation between extent of telecommuting and life satisfaction, with worker type (defined by work drive and work enjoyment) moderating that relation.

Doing More with Less: An Analysis of Work Life Balance Among Layoff Survivors

Purpose – The purpose of this research is to examine how increased work overload of layoff survivors relates to their work‐life balance and job and life satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach – Survey methodology was used to collect data from 510 layoff survivors in a high tech company. Regression analyses and structural equation modeling were used to test the hypotheses. Findings – The study found that layoff survivors experience higher levels of workload which impact overall role overload that negatively affects work‐life balance. Findings suggest that high workloads experienced by layoff survivors contribute to reduced job and life satisfaction through reduced work‐life balance as a mediating mechanism. Research limitations/implications – The data used in this paper is cross‐sectional and conducted within a single organization. Also, most of the data is obtained from self report survey data and subject to common method bias. As such, longitudinal studies are recommended for future research. Originality/value – This study makes a contribution by joining two distinct research streams – the job loss literature with research on work‐family issues. Findings suggest that high workloads experienced by layoff survivors contribute to reduced job and life satisfaction with work‐life balance acting as a mediator. Future research should determine whether these findings generalize to diverse layoff survivors in distinct industries, and assess whether these phenomena change over time.

The effect of personality on perceptions of justice

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine the effect that work locus of control has on perceptions of trust, perceived organizational support, procedural justice and interactional justice.Design/methodology/approach – Survey data were collected from 679 alumni of a university in the Southwestern USA. Regression analyses and structural equation modeling were used to test a series of hypotheses.Findings – The results indicate that work locus of control has a significant positive relationship on all variables. Perceived organizational support fully mediated the relationship between work locus of control and perceptions of both procedural and interactional justice. Organizational trust fully mediated the relationship between work locus of control and interactional justice, but only partially mediated the relationship between work locus of control and procedural justice.Research limitations/implications – The data used in this paper are cross‐sectional. Also, results are based on self‐report survey dat...

A gender‐sensitive study of McClelland's needs, stress, and turnover intent with work‐family conflict

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to study gender differences in the relationship between McClellands needs, stress, and turnover intentions with work‐family conflict.Design/methodology/approach – Survey data were collected from 383 individuals representing 15 different industries. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses.Findings – Results suggest that McClellands needs act as an antecedent of work‐family conflict, and that they have a differential impact on work‐family conflict for women and men.Research limitations/implications – The subjects were college graduates, hence it was a self‐selected sample, and the results may not generalise to other populations.Practical implications – Women are more affected by family obligations than men and this may impact the performance and turnover intentions of women in organisations.Originality/value – This paper enhances understanding of work‐family conflict by specifically examining individual differences such as need for power, need fo...

Perceived Support, Knowledge Tacitness, and Provider Knowledge Sharing

This study provides a direct test of social exchange theory on knowledge sharing from the perspective of the provider by examining the role of both perceived coworker support (PCS) and perceived organizational support (POS) on the extent to which employees share their knowledge with their coworkers. Also examined is the moderating role of knowledge tacitness. Results show PCS has a strong positive relationship with provider knowledge sharing but, contrary to expectation, POS does not have a significant relationship. Further, knowledge tacitness moderates the relationship between PCS and knowledge sharing such that the relationship between PCS and knowledge sharing is stronger for providers who perceive their knowledge as tacit. However, the difference in knowledge sharing between providers with knowledge high in tacitness versus low in tacitness is greatest at low levels of PCS and decreases as PCS increases. The implications of these findings to research and practice are discussed.

Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Intention Among Laid‐Off Individuals: A Cognitive Appraisal Approach

This study contributes to our understanding of why laid‐off individuals might explore entrepreneurial careers. Findings among 838 laid‐off individuals suggest that financial strain is associated with negative appraisal of the layoff, and openness to change and perceived organizational support are associated with positive appraisal of the layoff. We demonstrate that the indirect effect of financial impact and openness to change via negative and positive appraisals are stronger than the direct effects. Our results are significant because they highlight the mediating role of cognitive factors on entrepreneurial intentions among laid off individuals during periods of high unemployment.

Underemployment and Older Workers

Overall population shifts in developed countries show that the proportion of aged individuals has been steadily increasing. Accordingly, their participation in the labor force has also been on the rise. This chapter discusses these trends and outlines factors that influence such participation in older individuals. The proposed conceptual framework suggests that underemployment among older workers can arise in three different forms: re-employment after a job loss, re-employment after retirement in a bridge job, and within the course of regular employment. Furthermore, the chapter emphasizes the differences between objective and subjective underemployment, proposing that several factors may moderate the relationship between objective and subjective underemployment among older workers. Future research should examine these factors since the increase in the supply of older workers creates both potential benefits and challenges for organizations.

Threat and group creativity

In this paper we briefly review the literature on group creativity under threat, present a perspective designed to suggest a single approach to a reconciliation of the conflicting findings, discuss interventions capable of enhancing group creativity under threat, and conclude with suggestions for future research. The authors are grateful to the San Jose State University Department of Organization and Management and College of Business for research support.

Silicon Valley’s Indian diaspora: networking and entrepreneurial success

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that influence the success of entrepreneurial ventures started by members of the Indian diaspora in Silicon Valley. Design/methodology/approach – It is based on survey data collected from Indian-born high-tech entrepreneurs living in Silicon Valley, and uses Bayesian estimation to test hypotheses aimed at understanding entrepreneurial growth. Specifically, the paper examines the linkages between prior startup experience, participation in diasporic networks, and new venture growth. Findings – It finds that entrepreneurs with prior startup experience displayed more active participation in diasporic networks, and were more likely to have co-founders. Active network participation over a length of time was positively related to new venture growth. The findings contribute toward the understanding of the value of startup experience in leveraging social networks, and the relationship between diasporic network participation and entrepreneurship. Researc...

GUANXI AND JUSTICE PERCEPTIONS IN A HIRING CONTEXT: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF US AND CHINESE STUDENTS.

This study addresses fairness surrounding allocation of resources utilizing four allocation rules, and examined procedural and distributive fairness among American and Chinese students. Implications for global hiring and management of employees include the careful use of the most appropriate allocation rule in making business decisions.