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Featured researches published by Melvin H. Gottlieb.
Biophysical Journal | 1968
Melvin H. Gottlieb; Karl Sollner
The electrical resistances and rates of self-exchange of univalent critical ions across several types of collodion matrix membranes of high ionic selectivity were studied over a wide range of conditions. The relationship which was observed between these quantities with membranes of a certain type, namely those activated with poly-2-vinyl-N-methyl pyridinium bromide, cannot be explained on the basis of current concepts of the movement of ions across ion exchange membranes. Rates of self-exchange across these membranes were several times greater than those calculated from the electrical resistances of the membranes on the basis of an expression derived by the use of the Nernst-Einstein equation. The magnitude of the discrepancy was greatest at low concentrations of the ambient electrolyte solution and was independent of the species of both critical and noncritical ions. The data obtained with other types of collodion matrix membranes were, at least approximately, in agreement with the predictions based on the Nernst-Einstein equation. Self-exchange rates across the anion permeable protamine collodion membranes, and across the cation permeable polystyrene sulfonic acid collodion membranes, were about 20% less than those calculated from the electrical resistances. The direction and magnitude of these differences, also observed by other investigators, are qualitatively understood as an electroosmotic effect. With cation permeable membranes prepared by the oxidation of preformed collodion membranes, almost exact agreement was obtained between measured and calculated self-exchange rates; the cause of the apparent absence of an electroosmotic effect with these membranes is unknown.
Biophysical Journal | 1968
Melvin H. Gottlieb
This paper examines the applicability of the Nernst-Planck approach in treating the relationship between the initial rates at which critical ions interexchange across permselective membranes in bi-ionic systems and the rates of self-exchange of these ions across the same membranes. Data are presented for five species of univalent cations with two types of cation permeable membranes, a polystyrene sulfonic acid-collodion matrix membrane, and an oxidized collodion membrane; five species of univalent anions were studied with a protamine-collodion matrix anion permeable membrane. Except with systems involving H(+) ion, the experimentally found relationships between the rates of interexchange and the rates of self-exchange were in agreement, in most cases within +/-5%, with the values calculated from an expression in which interaction between the critical ions in the membrane is not taken into account. In systems with H(+) ion, the experimental rates of interexchange were from 27% to 40% less than calculated values.
Biophysical Journal | 1974
Melvin H. Gottlieb; E.D. Eanes
The Journal of Physical Chemistry | 1955
Harry P. Gregor; Deana Nobel; Melvin H. Gottlieb
The Journal of Physical Chemistry | 1957
Melvin H. Gottlieb; Rex Nelhof; Karl Sollner
The Journal of Physical Chemistry | 1960
Melvin H. Gottlieb
Journal of the American Chemical Society | 1953
Harry P. Gregor; Melvin H. Gottlieb
Journal of the American Chemical Society | 1954
Melvin H. Gottlieb; Harry P. Gregor
The Journal of Physical Chemistry | 1954
Harry P. Gregor; Oscar R. Abolafia; Melvin H. Gottlieb
The Journal of Physical Chemistry | 1971
Melvin H. Gottlieb