Meyer H. Halperin

The effect of local compression upon blood flow in the extremities of man

Abstract The effect of locally applied pressures of 10 to 50 mm. Hg on the extremities was investigated by three methods: (a) thermometric; (b) blood gasometric; and (c) plethysmographic. The results indicated that local pressures of remarkably low amounts may impair the circulation. Skin temperature measurements showed a definite effect with pressures as low as 20 mm. of mercury. At this pressure, the arteriovenous oxygen difference rose about 25 per cent, and plethysmographic tracings showed an equal decline in blood flow. With a local pressure of 30 mm. Hg, the blood flow decreased about 25 per cent as measured both by the blood gasometric and the plethysmographic methods. Even at 10 mm. Hg the plethysmograph revealed a 10 per cent decline in blood flow.

THE EFFECTS OF MITRAL VALVULOPLASTY ON CARDIOVASCULAR AND RENAL FUNCTION AT REST AND DURING EXERCISE

The effects of mitral valvuloplasty on general cardiohemodynamic function in patients with mitral stenosis have been reported by many investigators (1-10). Measurements of renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, and excretion of sodium and their correlation with changes in cardiac output, blood oxygen measurements, and vascular pressures also have been extensively studied in patients with various types of heart disease, with and without congestive failure, at rest (11, 12) and during exercise (13-15). However, little information is available on the changes in renal circulation or excretion of electrolytes and water in the period early after mitral valvuloplasty (16). The purpose of this paper is to describe these changes in renal function and to correlate them with alterations in cardiovascular responses. Particular effort has been made to determine whether a specific cardiohemodynamic pattern is associated with disturbances of salt and water excretion before and after mitral valvuloplasty, both at rest and during exercise.

THE HEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF SYMPATHECTOMY IN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION

Excerpt Surgical sympathectomy has been employed so extensively for the treatment of essential hypertension that one might assume its hemodynamic effects to be completely understood. Quite to the c...

Catheterization of the coronary sinus in man.

Abstract An intravenous catheter was introduced inadvertently into the coronary sinuses of four patients in the course of a series of twenty-five cardiac catheterization studies (a frequency of 16 per cent). Samples of coronary venous blood were taken for oxygen analysis, and pressure tracings were obtained with a Hamilton manometer. These cases are reported and criteria for identifying this catheter position are presented. Oxyhemoglobin saturation values were found to be strikingly low (average, 30 per cent in four cases) as compared with control values for mixed venous blood (average, 73 per cent in fifty subjects). Coronary venous pressure levels (0 to 15 mm. Hg) and wave patterns are described. Physiologic implications of the findings and potential applications of the technique are cited.

THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS PHYSICAL PROCEDURES ON THE CIRCULATION IN HUMAN LIMBS

Excerpt During the past 10 years a series of physiologic studies has been carried out on the effects of various physical procedures upon the circulation in the limbs, in the hope of obtaining infor...