Michael R. Carmont

Current concepts review: Freiberg's disease.

Freiberg initially described his eponymous disease in 1914, reporting a small series of six cases.19 He used the term “infraction” to describe the disorder because of a history of associated minor trauma to the foot. The following year osteonecrosis of the second metatarsal head was actually described by Kohler.30 Other terms that have been historically used to describe the disorder include an “egg shell” fracture,65 peculiar characteristic metatarsal disease,55 metatarsal epiphysitis, and osteochondritis deformans metatarsojuvenilis.40 Bragard used the term “malakopathie” meaning spot or mole referring to the actual appearance of the lesion on the metatarsal head.8 Avascular necrosis of the second metatarsal head has been recognized as the fourth most common osteochondrosis of the body.53 The classical location of this disorder is the second metatarsal head (68%), although it can also be found in the other lesser metatarsals, most commonly the third (27%), and then the fourth (3%). The fifth metatarsal head is rarely involved.21 Cases of multiple57 and bilateral metatarsal2,43 involvement have also been reported. The disease often occurs in teenage females during skeletal growth and in males much less frequently, with a 5:1 female preponderance according to Katcherian.32 The dominant foot is involved 36% of the time.72 Osteochondrosis of

Simultaneous bilateral Achilles tendon ruptures associated with statin medication despite regular rock climbing exercise

INTRODUCTIONnRuptures of the Achilles tendon are common however simultaneous ruptures occur less frequently. Eccentric loading exercise programmes have been used to successfully treat Achilles tendinopathy.nnnCASE REPORTnWe report a case of simultaneous bilateral Achilles tendon rupture in a patient predisposed to rupture due to longstanding raised serum lipoprotein and recently introduced therapeutic statin medication. The patient was also a keen rock climber and had regularly undertaken loading exercise.nnnCONCLUSIONnThis case illustrates that the therapeutic effect of mixed loading exercises for the Achilles tendon may not be adequate to overcome the predisposition to rupture caused by hyperlipidaemia and statin medication.

Accelerated para-articular osteochondroma formation within the knee: a case report.

IntroductionIntra-articular osteochondroma and acoustic neuroma are rare entities.Case presentationWe report the rare occurrence of a para-articular osteochondroma of the knee developing over short duration, 5 months, following minor injury.ConclusionPredisposition to heterotrophic ossification after previous neurosurgery and a second acoustic neuroma may have accelerated the growth of this benign tumour. The development of these two rare entities suggests they may be associated.

Adventure and extreme sports injuries

Adventure and extreme sports injuries : , Adventure and extreme sports injuries : , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز

Bike racing, recreational riding, impact sport and bone health

Cycling has been shown to confer considerable benefits in terms of health, leading to reductions in death rates principally due to cardiovascular improvements and adaptation.Given the disparity between the benefits of cycling on cardiovascular fitness and previous research finding that cycling may not be beneficial for bone health, Hugo Olmedillas and colleagues performed a systematic review of the literature. They concluded that road cycling does not appear to confer any significant osteogenic benefit. They postulate that the cause of this is that, particularly at a competitive level, riders spend long periods of time in a weight-supported position on the bike.Training programs may be supplemented with impact loading to preserve bone health; however, the small increased risk of soft tissue injury must also be considered.See related commentary http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/10/168

Sailing and Yachting

Sailing today encompasses many disciplines but is defined as the propulsion of a vehicle and control of its movement with sails, rigging, and a rudder. The first references to sailing have been estimated to originate from Kuwait in 5,000 years BC. Other references have been found in Arabian, Chinese, Indian, and European ancient literature.

Advances in sports nutrition, exercise and medicine: Olympic issues, the legacy and beyond

In the run up to the London 2012 Olympics, this editorial introduces the cross-journal article collection Advances in Sports Nutrition, Exercise and Medicine http://www.biomedcentral.com/series/asnem

BMC Medicine editorial board members on open access publishing.

In recognition of Open Access week (21st-27th October 2013), we asked some BMC Medicine Editorial Board Members to share their views and experiences on open access publishing. In this short video, they highlight the benefits of visibility and dissemination of their research, and discuss the future directions for this model of publishing.

Mountain Biking Injuries

The origins of mountain biking understandably began as a means of transport rather than recreation during nineteenth-century wartime when “Buffalo” soldiers are reported to have cycled home, cross-country from Missoula, Montana, to Yellowstone. Japanese forces recognized that cycle provided faster travel on some jungle paths during the Second World War.

Mountain, Sky, and Endurance Running

Running is one of man’s greatest natural abilities and has been essential to the survival of the human race. An individual’s ability to run longer, faster, uphill, or downhill has been advantageous in war and conflict, escaping danger, hunting for food, and as in the first marathon – carrying messages. Running first took place over a multitude of terrains – mountains, rivers, forests, and deserts, and did not involve any specialist equipment – there were no tarmac roads or asphalt tracks, and many individuals ran barefoot.