Michal Cifra

Spontaneous ultra-weak photon emission from human hands varies diurnally

The present paper recorded spontaneous ultra weak photon emission of five subjects at palm and dorsal sides of both left and right hands in a 24 h period. Data demonstrate that intensity as well as left-right symmetry varies diurnally. Emission intensity is low during the day, rises during the evening and is high during the night. Time patterns for left and right hand are different. The left-right symmetry shifts in the evening. Data are explained within the concept of a regulatory role of the photon field in human physiology. However, other explanations cannot be excluded.

Electric oscillations generated by collective vibration modes of microtubule

Microtubules are important organizing structures of eukaroytic cells. They are electrically polar and have collective vibration modes from kHz to low THz region. In approximation of microtubule subunits (tubulin molecules) as rigid particles, we calculate electric field generated by optical branch of axial longitudinal vibration modes of microtubule. This oscillatory electric field, due to its complex spatial distribution, may play an important role in cellular temporal and spatial organization.

Cellular electrodynamic activity

Electromagnetic activity of cells (>100 kHz) beyond the conventional frequency region of electrophysiology is poorly explored, yet it offers opportunities for new diagnostic and therapeutic methods in bioelectronic medicine and may provide insights into new general mechanism in cellular signalling. Here, we describe electromagnetic properties of microtubules, protein nanostructures omnipresent in biological systems, and how they are predicted to be involved in cellular electromagnetic activity (10 MHz - 10 GHz).Authors were supported from institutional funding of the Institute of Photonics and Electronics, The Czech Academy of Sciences and by the Czech Science Foundation, grant no. 15-17102S.

9th International Fröhlich's Symposium: Electrodynamic Activity of Living Cells (Including Microtubule Coherent Modes and Cancer Cell Physics)

This volume contains papers presented at the International Fr?hlichs Symposium entitled Electrodynamic Activity of Living Cells (1?3 July 2011, Prague, Czech Republic). The Symposium was the 9th meeting devoted to physical processes in living matter organized in Prague since 1987. The hypothesis of oscillation systems in living cells featured by non-linear interaction between elastic and electrical polarization fields, non-linear interactions between the system and the heat bath leading to energy downconversion along the frequency scale, energy condensation in the lowest frequency mode and creation of a coherent state was formulated by H Fr?hlich, founder of the theory of dielectric materials. He assumed that biological activity is based not only on biochemical but also on biophysical mechanisms and that their disturbances form basic links along the cancer transformation pathway. Fr?hlich outlined general ideas of non-linear physical processes in biological systems. The downconversion and the elastic?polarization interactions should be connected in a unified theory and the solution based on comprehensive non-linear characteristics. Biochemical and genetic research of biological systems are highly developed and have disclosed a variety of cellular and subcellular structures, chemical reactions, molecular information transfer, and genetic code sequences ? including their pathological development. Nevertheless, the cancer problem is still a big challenge. Warburgs discovery of suppressed oxidative metabolism in mitochondria in cancer cells suggested the essential role of physical mechanisms (but his discovery has remained without impact on cancer research and on the study of physical properties of biological systems for a long time). Mitochondria, the power plants of the cell, have several areas of activity?oxidative energy production is connected with the formation of a strong static electric field around them, water ordering, and liberation of non-utilized energy to their surroundings. Mitochondrial function connected with water ordering and excitation of oscillations in microtubules may play a central role in biological activity, in particular in transport, organization, interactions, and information transfer. Mitochondrial disfunction results in disturbances of the generated electrodynamic field with bad consequences in biological activity and the creation of pathological states. A special issue of the biological activity concerns the brain function (consciousness is not yet adequately understood). Experimental investigation using nanotechnology would supply yet unknown data and parameters of physical mechanisms in living systems. Extremely weak biological signals have to be separated from technical noise under conditions of possible non-linear mutual interactions. Some authors questioned the validity of the Fr?hlich hypothesis. Foster and Baish (J. Biol. Phys. 26 2000, 255) neglected water ordering and concluded that strong damping by water viscosity effects prevents the formation of a coherent state. Reimers et al (PNAS 106 2009, 4219) and McKemmish et al (Phys. Rev. E 80 2009, 021912?1) omitted non-linear elastic?electrical polarization interactions and analyzed a linearized model of downconversion with strong damping that cannot represent the Fr?hlich system. Fr?hlich assumed a high quality non-linear system with energy supply. Some methods used for analysis of linear systems (for instance the method of superposition) are not valid in non-linear systems. For this reason also experimental analysis based on subtraction of the noise from the measured signal spectrum is not a simple question. There is another special issue concerning biological activity. The living state and in particular consciousness are very often connected with an idea of a non-material and non-measurable entity entering the biological system from outside. There is a splendid harmony and order in nature. Science should disclose measurable mechanisms of the harmony and order. But human knowledge about the electrodynamic and electromagnetic fields in biological systems is still at a low level. The Symposium continued in the series of international scientific meetings devoted to physical processes in living cells organized in Prague. The first meeting was entitled Biophysical Aspects of Cancer (6?9 July 1987). On this occasion the Anglo?German physicist H Fr?hlich presented a lecture Coherence in Biology. The next meeting which was devoted to the Fr?hlich coherent systems, information transfer, and neural activity was in 1993. The role of the Fr?hlich coherence in the neural activity was included in the meeting Biophysical Aspects of Coherence in 1995 too. The subsequent symposia were entitled Electromagnetic Fields in Biological Systems (1998), Electromagnetic Aspects of Selforganization in Biology (2000), Endogenous Physical Fields in Biology (2002), Coherence and Electromagnetic Fields in Biological Systems (2005), and Biophysical Aspects of Cancer ? Electromagnetic Mechanisms (2008). In 2008 a novel project for research of convergence of physics and oncology was triggered in the USA by the National Cancer Institute and the Institute of Public Health. This volume contains the a large number of the papers presented at the Symposium. The ideas presented at the Symposium might have impact on the future research of physical processes and mechanisms in biological systems. Experimental research may provide a background for understanding the neglected part of biological activity and reveal the physical mechanisms of the cancer transformation pathway. The Symposium and this volume were prepared by a scientific team whose members were M Cifra, D Havelka, A Jandov?, F Jel?nek, O Kucera, M Nedbalov?, and F ?rob?r. Jir? Pokorn? A list of committees, sponsors, the list of talks and some photographs from the conference can be found in the PDF file.

Daily Variation of Photon Emission Intensity from the Human Hands

Spontaneous ultra-weak photon emission in the visible range was measured on palm and dorsal side of left and right hand by means of a low noise photomultiplier system. To study the dynamics of this photon emission in a 24 h period photon emission was recorded in 2 h intervals in 5 experiments, utilizing strict protocols for dark adaptation and recording of subjects. Mean photon emission over the 24 h period differed both between subjects and hand locations. To detect a pattern in the fluctuations the mean value for each location of each subject in each experiment was utilized to calculate fluctuations during the course of 24 h for each anatomical location. The fluctuations in photon emission in the course of 24 h were more at dorsal sides than palm sides. Photon emission at the left dorsal location was high at night, while the right dorsal side emitted most during the day. It is concluded that a daily rhythm in photon emission can be recorded from both the dorsal and palm sides of the hands.