Michel Foulon

Flemish immigration in wallonia and in france:: Patronyms as Data

Flemish emigration during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries is too complex to be dealt with definitively in a single article. Our main objective is to provide an overview of the migration towards France and Wallonia by looking at its chronology, and the spatial distribution of emigrants and their descendants. In this effort, patronym distribution is very helpful. As markers of migratory movements, patronyms from a collection of nominative lists give us a handle on migration flows as no other evidence can. Comparing France and Wallonia, the two destination areas, it is possible to see similarities between types of migrants: workers in heavy industry, workers in the agricultural sector, and workers engaged in domestic services. In addition, three phases may be identified in the arrival of a Flemish population in France and Wallonia: an emigration phase, an integration phase, and a redistribution phase. The last phase is also part of the urbanization process and is linked with upward social mobility.

La survie des centenaires belges (generations 1870-1894)

Poulain Michel, Chambre Danv Fot lon Michel - La supervivencia de los centenaries belgas (generaciones 1870-1894) El calculo de los cocientes de mortahdad mas alla de los 100 afios es dificil y a menudo resulta en estimaciones aleatonas, debido a la роса tiabilidad de los datos relativos a cente- narios y al bajo numero de etectivos de estas edades La base de datos sobre centenanos bel- gas que utili/amos en este articulo intenta evitar estas limitauones, ya que se basa en mas de 4 000 centenanos de las generaciones nacidas entre 1870 y 1894 Esta base de datos permite calcular los cocientes de mortahdad con suficiente precision hasta los 104 aňos para los hombres y hasta los 106 aňos para las mujeres Los cocientes van del 427c a los 100 aňos al 55% a los 104 entre los hombres y del 15% a los 100 aňos al 50% a los 106 entre las mujeres El calculo de la esperanza de vida en dias indica que el numero promedio de dias a vivir despues de los 100 aňos es de 722 para las mujeres y de 615 para los hombres A los 105, los numeros son 520 y 4M) respectivamente La evolucion reciente mues- tra que el nesgo de defuncion sigue disminuyendo mientras que las mujeres nacidas entre 1870 y 1884 tienen una esperanza de vida de 695 dias, las nacidas entre 18X5 y 1X94 tienen una esperanza de 740 dias A partir de los 105 aňos. el nesgo anual de monr parece aumentar, pero como el intervalo de confianza aumenta debido a la disminucion del numero de efectivos, es imposible determinar si tal nesgo alcan/a un maximo o si empieza a disminuir a partir de cierta edad Esta cuestion unicamente podra analizarse a traves de datos relativos a las nuevas cohortes de centenanos, que debido al mayor numero de efectivos, ofreceran datos mas fiables

Le daltonisme et la génétique du vieillissement.

In order to rest whether mutations giving rise to color vision deficiencies are more frequently inherited from older fathers, an exhaustive screening of births in the Namur region has allowed to isolate a sample of 225 descending sons of maternal grandfathers who were older than 45 years at their daughters birth. The incidence of color vision defects was compared between this set of cases and three control groups totalling 959 boys from independent families. While these comparisons were not conclusive, we propose new hypotheses concerning the population dynamics of color Vision deficiencies. Neomutations in X-linked pigment genes may be a marker of the overall genetic load borne by the X chromosome. Selection against such loaded X chromosomes may occur in the second generation. either in the course of embryogenesis, or during female gametogenesis. The future assessment of these novel hypotheses relies on the arbitration of molecular genetics