Michelle G. Mothé

Kinetic study of heavy crude oils by thermal analysis

The present work investigates the thermal behavior and kinetic of four types of petroleum samples: a medium crude oil—P1, one heavy oil—P2, and two extra heavy oils—P3 and P4 by TG, DTG, and DSC methods. Thus, this study may contribute to the characterization of petroleum with different °API values.

Thermal investigation of heavy crude oil by simultaneous TG–DSC–FTIR and EDXRF

Present study investigates thermal behavior of two heavy crude oils with different °API values by simultaneous thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry–fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG–DSC–FTIR), and an evaluation of the chemical element levels present in the oils’ ashes was done by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. TG and DSC curves were obtained for two samples in nitrogen atmosphere. Among all inorganic components evaluated, the highest concentration in the two oils was SO3. Thus this study may contribute to a better understanding of the thermal behavior of heavy crude oils and their composition.

Thermal and surface study of phenolic resin from cashew nut shell liquid cured by plasma treatment

In this study, phenolic resins from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) were applied as coating on Carbon Steel 1020 samples and successfully cured by plasma treatment or with hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA). The crosslinked samples were characterized by thermal analysis using thermogravimetry (TG), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques in order to evaluate the thermal stability of these samples, as well as understand and study the curing process. TG/DTG curves showed that the thermal stability of the HMTA-cured resin was slightly higher than the resin treated by plasma. According to the DSC curves, HMTA-cured resin and plasma-treated resin exhibited only transition temperatures, so both resins were predominantly amorphous. Images generated by AFM provided qualitative evaluation of the resin surfaces, demonstrating that the coating surface with best homogeneity was cured by plasma treatment.

Thermal property study of keratin from industrial residue by extraction, processing and application

The Brazilian productive chain of poultry meat is one of the most important of the agro-industrial complex in the country. However, this production generates large amounts of residue, causing environmental impacts. After its processing, poultry industry waste can be considered a great potential by-product and a sustainable alternative for animal food and to applications in the cosmetics industry. It can be estimated that the number of produced feathers in Brazil reaches up to around 670 thousand tons annually. This study aimed to obtain keratin from chicken feathers and their characterization by thermal analysis, as well as adding the product into shampoo formulation as well its application on hair samples and compare it to commercial shampoo. Thermal analytical study was performed for all samples by TG/DTG, DTA and DSC. Rheology and FTIR analyses of extracted keratin samples and commercial keratin solution were also performed. Results showed that the extraction process used was efficient, once the TG curves of the samples presented one decomposition stage referring to proteins and DSC curves showed endothermic events suggesting protein denaturation. The shampoo formulations with keratin applied to hair samples showed satisfactory results, such as increased brightness, smoothness and reduced frizz.

Comparative thermal study of heavy crude oils by DSC

ABSTRACT Crude oil represented 50% of primary energy consumption in the world at the beginning of this decade. For each reservoir existent of conventional petroleum or gas there is three times the amount of heavy crude oil in the planet. The present work investigates the thermal behavior of three heavy crude oils from Brazilian basins. It was possible to make an interesting comparison for the same petroleum due to the use of different DSC equipment, especially for the extra heavy crude oils. The petroleum sample with the lowest °API exhibited the highest value for specific heat capacity between all studied samples.