Mike Blackwell
Carnegie Mellon University
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Featured researches published by Mike Blackwell.
Medical Image Analysis | 2000
Mike Blackwell; Constantinos Nikou; Anthony M. DiGioia; Takeo Kanade
Abstract Image Overlay is a computer display technique which superimposes computer images over the user’s direct view of the real world. The images are transformed in real-time so they appear to the user to be an integral part of the surrounding environment. By using Image Overlay with three-dimensional medical images such as CT reconstructions, a surgeon can visualize the data ‘in-vivo’, exactly positioned within the patient’s anatomy, and potentially enhance the surgeon’s ability to perform a complex procedure. This paper describes prototype Image Overlay systems and initial experimental results from those systems.
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research | 1998
Mike Blackwell; Fritz Morgan; Anthony M. DiGioia
Augmented reality is a display technique that combines supplemental information with the real world environment. Augmented reality systems are on the verge of being used everyday in medical training, preoperative planning, preoperative and intraoperative data visualization, and intraoperative tool guidance. The basic technologies of augmented reality are discussed, augmented reality systems currently being used in the medical domain are examined, and some future uses of these systems in orthopaedic applications are explored.
CVRMed-MRCAS '97 Proceedings of the First Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Virtual Reality and Robotics in Medicine and Medial Robotics and Computer-Assisted Surgery | 1997
David A. Simon; Branislav Jaramaz; Mike Blackwell; Fritz Morgan; Anthony M. DiGioia; E. Kischell; Bruce D. Colgan; Takeo Kanade
During the past year our group has been developing HipNav, a system which helps surgeons determine optimal, patient-specific acetabular implant placement and accurately achieve the desired implant placement during surgery. HipNav includes three components: a pre-operative planner, a range of motion simulator, and an intra-operative tracking and guidance system. The goals of the current HipNav system are to: 1) reduce dislocations following total hip replacement surgery due to acetabular malposition; 2) determine and potentially increase the “safe” range of motion; 3) reduce wear debris resulting from impingement of the implants femoral neck with the acetabular rim; and 4) track in real-time the position of the pelvis and acetabulum during surgery.
Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics | 2000
Constantinos Nikou; Anthony M. DiGioia; Mike Blackwell; Branislav Jaramaz; Takeo Kanade
Augmented or hybrid reality is a display technique that combines the real world with the virtual world; it permits digital images or preoperative planning information to be combined with the surgeons view of the real world. This technique gives surgeons “x-ray vision” without the use of ionizing radiation, allowing them to visualize parts of the patients anatomy that are not typically exposed during a surgical procedure. Augmented reality can increase the surgeons view of unexposed bones and other tissues during surgery while using less invasive techniques. These visualization devices will also allow the surgeon to view preoperatively determined locations of incisions and real-time medical images with proper spatial alignment during surgery. Augmented reality will eventually enable less invasive and minimally invasive surgical techniques that are not technologically feasible at this time. In this article, the augmented reality technique is described and illustrated, showing examples of already existing medical systems that use this display technology. Possible orthopaedic applications of augmented reality are presented as well as current research and practical issues associated with making augmented reality a commonplace tool in surgical practice.
international conference on robotics and automation | 1995
Hagen Schempf; Charles Kraeuter; Mike Blackwell
This paper presents the analysis, design and experimental results of a development program for a robotic leg to be used to kick soccer balls to evaluate new shoe and ball designs for the sport of soccer. The motivation is to be seen in the ability to reproduce and vary kicks reliably to allow more accurate evaluation of new shoe and ball designs without the use of extensive human-kick data sets, statistical evaluations and unquantifiable and unknown experimental errors. The leg was designed with a combination of active and spring-assisted actuator modules to allow the leg to transfer momentum to a soccer ball to achieve take-off speeds of up to 40 m/sec. A removable foot allows for testing of various shoes. Preliminary experimental results have shown that the ball can be kicked with enough range and spin to hit inside the upper corners of a goal at a distance of 20 m and a height of 2.5 m with an accuracy of +/- one ball diameter (0.25 m), with a maximum range of 40 m.
medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention | 1999
Constantinos Nikou; Branislav Jaramaz; Anthony M. DiGioia; Mike Blackwell; Merle E. Romesberg; Mallory M. Green
Proper implant placement during total hip replacement (THR) surgery has been shown to reduce short and long term complication including dislocations, accelerated wear, and loosening of the implants. Correct implant orientation is the most important factor in preventing impingement, which is a major cause of dislocation and wear following total hip replacement surgery. However, proper implant orientation is also dependent upon patient-specific factors such as pelvic anatomy bone coverage and level of femoral osteotomy, and can affect leg lengths and offsets. This paper describes a preoperative planner for THR that enables the surgeon to determine the optimal placement of the femoral and acetabular components for THR taking all of these factors into account. Coupled with a computer-assisted clinical system for precise implant positioning, this approach could significantly improve patient outcomes and lower costs.
medical image computing and computer assisted intervention | 1998
James E. Moody; Anthony M. DiGioia; Branislav Jaramaz; Mike Blackwell; Bruce D. Colgan; Constantinos Nikou
HipNav is a hip implant navigation and guidance system which helps surgeons plan acetabular implant orientation preoperatively, and guides them intraoperatively to achieve this intended plan. Through this process, these technologies are used to measure, gauge, and quantify current clinical practice. With HipNav, surgeons plan and execute the procedure in the 3-D realm with accurate patient models, taking advantage of anatomic information normally lost through traditional planning methods. During surgery HipNav tracks the alignment tool with respect to the pelvis, compensating for any pelvic motion, thereby ensuring an accurate measurement of alignment and placement according to the plan.
international conference on computer vision | 1995
Robert V. O'Toole; David A. Simon; Branislav Jaramaz; Omar Ghattas; Mike Blackwell; Loukas F. Kallivokas; Fritz Morgan; Christopher D. Visnic; Anthony M. DiGioia; Takeo Kanade
Current surgical robotic systems in orthopaedics lack realistic pre-operative simulations and utilize invasive methods to register bone intra-operatively. A multidisciplinary group of researchers is addressing these deficiencies in the context of robotic cementless hip replacement surgery. In this paper we outline our current research progress and a road-map for the short-term future of our research agenda. This paper addresses four components of this effort: (1) realistic anatomical modeling, (2) biomechanics-based simulations, (3) surface-based registration, and (4) surgical robotics. We are integrating these components with the goal of developing more capable and less invasive robotic systems for use in orthopaedic surgery.
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research | 1998
Anthony M. DiGioia; Branislav Jaramaz; Mike Blackwell; David A. Simon; Fritz Morgan; James E. Moody; Constantinos Nikou; Bruce D. Colgan; Cheryl A. Aston; Richard S. LaBarca; Eric Kischell; Takeo Kanade
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research | 1998
Anthony M. DiGioia; Branislav Jaramaz; Mike Blackwell; David A. Simon; Fritz Morgan; James E. Moody; Constantinos Nikou; Bruce D. Colgan; Aston Ca; Richard S. LaBarca; Kischell E; Takeo Kanade