Mikhail Cherniakov

Generalized approach to resolution analysis in BSAR

Bistatic synthetic aperture radars (BSARs) have been the focus of increasing research activity over the last decade. The generalized ambiguity function (GAF) of bistatic SAR is introduced here. First, the GAF for BSAR is represented in the delay-Doppler domain, and is then expanded to the spatial (coordinates) domain. From the GAF, comprehensive knowledge regarding the resolution of BSAR can be extracted, including the range and azimuth resolutions, as well as the area of a resolution cell of BSAR. These general results are also applied to the performance analysis of several particular BSAR geometries, including the space-surface-BSAR (SS-BSAR) system, to demonstrate the potential ability of this newly introduced system.

Results of a Space-Surface Bistatic SAR Image Formation Algorithm

This paper reports progress in the development of an image formation algorithm suitable for stripmap space-surface bistatic synthetic aperture radar. A description of the proposed algorithm, which is a modification of the standard range-Doppler algorithm, is provided for the case when the transmitter and the receiver have parallel flight paths and unequal velocities. Both simulation and initial experimental results are presented to verify our analysis.

Ground penetrating radar

Measuring and analyzing ground penetrating radar data on different sand-clay soils as a function of water content

Space-Surface Bistatic SAR Image Formation Algorithms

This paper presents algorithms designed for a subclass of bistatic synthetic aperture radar (BSAR) called space-surface BSAR (SS-BSAR). Two SS-BSAR configurations are considered. The first one assumes a stationary, spaceborne transmitter and a moving airborne receiver. The second case is the generalized SS-BSAR configuration, where the transmitter is nonstationary. The transmitter and receiver have essentially different flight paths and velocities. For each configuration under investigation, the characteristics of the corresponding SS-BSAR received signal are examined first. Then, each proposed algorithm is derived analytically, and verified via simulation.

Experimental Demonstration of Passive BSAR Imaging Using Navigation Satellites and a Fixed Receiver

This letter demonstrates the feasibility of space-surface bistatic synthetic aperture radar using navigation satellites as transmitters of opportunity and a fixed ground-based receiver. Experiments with real satellite signals are described, and the obtained imagery is presented and discussed.

Quasi-optimal signal processing in ground Forward Scattering Radar

A signal processing algorithm for ground target detection using forward scattering radar (FSR) is presented in this paper. The effectiveness of the algorithm is shown using both simulated and experimental data. The algorithm is based on the matched filtering approach, where the correlation between the received signal and a set of pre-defined reference functions is calculated. The maximum of the correlation function indicates the estimated target parameters. The algorithm compresses the target signal, increasing signal-to-noise ratio, and allows identification of target speed and its position relative to the FSR geometry.

GNSS-based bistatic SAR: a signal processing view

This article presents signal processing algorithms used as a new remote sensing tool, that is passive bistatic SAR with navigation satellites (e.g. GPS, GLONASS or Galileo) as transmitters of opportunity. Signal synchronisation and image formation algorithms are described for two system variants: one where the receiver is moving and one where it is fixed on the ground. The applicability and functionality of the algorithms described is demonstrated through experimental imagery that ultimately confirms the feasibility of the overall technology.

Signal characterisation and processing in the forward scatter mode of bistatic passive coherent location systems

The transfer of the forward scatter (FS) concept to passive coherent location (FS PCL) systems provides a new emerging area of research. This article is dedicated to the investigation of various aspects of a bistatic passive coherent location (PCL) system operating in the FS mode. For efficient signal processing, appropriate FS PCL system analysis is presented. It is shown that using a relatively small modernisation of traditional signal processing algorithms, a PCL system may effectively operate against stealth and low profile targets crossing or being located in the vicinity of the radar baseline. The FS signals have been analysed in view of finding key effects and parameters influencing the waveforms and spectra which define the overall signal processing. Experimental results are given to validate the presented analysis.

Forward scatter RCS estimation for ground targets

Computer simulation models and techniques are proposed for RCS estimation of ground targets in a forward scattering micro radar network. A number of practical targets are considered as simulation examples over a wide range of radar carrier frequencies.

Optimal Signal Processing in Ground-Based Forward Scatter Micro Radars

The received signal in forward scatter radar (FSR) depends on the targets electrical size and trajectory, which are unknown a priori. As a result, in practical situations, it is impossible to obtain the accurate reference function at the reception side, and adaptation of optimal filtering is therefore proposed for this case. This paper presents a signal processing algorithm for ground target detection using FSR, which includes the construction of the adaptive reference functions and the identification of target velocity and its observation time. Furthermore, the algorithm performance is analytically determined under practical motion trajectories such as different motion directions and baseline crossing points, which indicate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in a practical case for FSR. The effectiveness of the algorithm is shown using both simulated and experimental data. Finally, the resolution in convoy targets in ground-based FSR is analytically obtained for the first time; the resolution is totally different from the resolution in conventional radar theory because of the target signature characteristics in ground-based FSR. The majority of the analytical results are verified experimentally.