Mikio Tamura

On the Theory of Surface Tension of Regular Solution

By using the quasi-crystalline model, the grand partition function of a binary solution, in which the molecular fractions are considered to be functions of the distance from the surface, is constructed. And the concentration is determined so as to make the system be in thermodynamical equilibrium. The surface tension and the surface excess amounts of components obtained in such a manner does not conflict with the Gibbs adsorption formula. Guggenheims theory of the surface tension of regular solution, based on the monolayer model, is a special case of the present theory. The monolayer theory, however, is in contradiction with the Gibbs formula, since the system cannot reach equilibrium state if the, difference of composition from the bulk phase is confined to such a thin region as mono-or twc-molecular layer.

Electrical Conductivity of Photolytic Product of Silver Pectate Film

ガラス板上に約5μの厚さに塗布したペクチン酸銀膜に2537Åの光を種々の時間照射し,析出する光分解銀の電気抵抗を測定し,光分解銀による電気伝導の機構を考察した。膜面の電気抵抗は約90分の光照射によって1/1013に減少し,絶縁体が良導体になるという著しいものである。膜面に光を照射するとまず銀原子を生成し,それらが凝集してコロイド銀となり,さらにコロイド銀が凝結して膜表面にきわめて電気伝導性のよい銀薄膜を形成するものと推定される。銀薄膜の電気伝導性は主として銀薄膜の構造不整によって支配される。