Milan Cvetković

The Spinal Column State of Adolescent Boys of Different Levels of Physical Activity // Stanje kičmenog stuba dečaka adolescentnog uzrasta različitog stepena fizičke aktivnosti

The sedentary form of behaviour, the effective holding of the body are potential causes of the formation of muscular asymmetries, and thus of poor body posture. The aim of the paper is to determine the differences in posture of children of different levels of physical activity. The research involved an assessment of a sample of 42 handball players 13.02 ± 0.89 years and 32 non-athletes 13.16 ± 0.88 years. Three tests were used to evaluate the presence of poor posture, to evaluate the scoliotic poor posture - Adam’s forward bend test, to estimate the kyphotic poor posture –Reclination test with the contraction of the extensor muscle to assess the lordotic poor posture – Contraction test of the abdominal muscles. The obtained results of the chi square of the test indicate that there are no statistically significant differences between the analysed groups of subjects regarding the presence of the scoliotic (p = 0.85), the kyphotic (p = 0.77) and the lordotic poor posture (p = 0.82) between the defined groups. The assumption is that boys are involved in sports activities due to the impaired posture in adolescent age, in order to prevent further progression and formation of new bodily deformities and to avoid similar conditions.

Effects of group exercise on functional abilities: Differences between physically active and physically inactive women

BACKGROUND Aerobic exercises to music can have a positive effect on functional and motor skills of an exerciser, their health, as well as an aesthetic and socio-psychological component. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the effects of reactive exercising in a group on functional capabilities in physically active and physically inactive women. METHODS A prospective study included 64 healthy women aged 40-60 years. The sample was divided into the experimental group (N= 36), i.e. physically active women who have been engaged in recreational group exercises at the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, and the control group (N= 28), which consisted of physically inactive women. All the participants were monitored using the same protocol before and after the implementation of the research. All women had their height, weight and body mass index measured as well as their spiroergometric parameters determined according to the Bruce protocol. RESULTS A univariate analysis of variance has shown that there is a statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in maximum speed, the total duration of the test, relative oxygen consumption, absolute oxygen consumption and ventilation during the final measurement. After the training intervention, the experimental group showed improvements in all the parameters analyzed compared with pretest values. CONCLUSION The recreational group exercise model significantly improves aerobic capacity and functioning of the cardiovascular system. Therefore, it is essential for women to be involved more in any form of recreational group exercising in order to improve functional capacity and health.

Differences in Metabolic-Energy Potential in U16 Football Players (Cadet Age) in Relation to Competition Level // Razlike u metaboličko-energetskim potencijalima fudbalera kadetskog uzrasta u odnosu na takmičarski nivo

In order to determine the difference in metabolic-energy potential in U16 football players (cadet age) at different levels of competition, a survey was conducted on a sample of sixty players aged 14 to 16. The sample of respondents is divided into the following subsamples: players of Serbian national football team (n=20), players from high-quality league of Vojvodina (n=21) and the players from the regional competition levels (n=19). The lactate blood level was determined by testing capillary blood from the finger during three stages of Cooper test: the concentration of lactate in the standstill stage was measured before the start of the test – before the load; the concentration of lactate during the load stage was measured one minute after completion of the test; and the concentration of lactate in the recovery stage was measured in the tenth minute of recovery. The survey results indicate a statistically significant difference between the said groups of players in relation to the analyzed metabolic-energy parameters of the players.