Mile Matijević

The Effect of Expansion and Simultaneous Contrast in Modificated Figural Dotted and Groundal Dotted Illusions

The appearance of colour is based on different parameters and observation conditions. Taking into account that the research of certain visual psychophysical effects is updated daily, such a phenomenon presents a challenge for researchers of modern visual communication systems. Effects of psychophysical expansion and simultaneous contrast belong to this group. This paper researches the influence of those effects using method of visual tuning. Those effects cause the shifting of colour appearance of stimuli (different combinations of primary and secondary colours) on test samples. Test samples are based on White’s illusions (groundal dotted illusion and figural dotted illusion).

Influence of Computer Clipboard Transfer of Image Data on Print Quality Perception and Measurement

In today’s virtual environment transfer of data within the system is a necessary and standard operation. Computer clipboard is one of the common data transfer methods. This paper tests the changes in image data during the transfer from one program to another. Computer programs and systems use different standards, which causes changes in colour values due to different image standards used by programs and systems. Each transfer between programs causes adaptation of image data to new program standards. That shift is visible on images from inside the system. The difference grows even more on the printed sample. Calibration strip and photographs were used as research elements. Calibration strip was generated in Monaco Profiler. The analysis was performed on measured numerical values, and it showed significant colour changes in samples. The visual research was made on printed photo samples and has shown that the visibility of colour changes more or less depends on the motif type.

The influence of the chromatic effect of crispening on the shift in the manifestation of the color of the observer

The paper presents the results of the research on the manifestation of the chromatic effect crispening, where the primary stimuli are designed as squares in the blue-green color with the values of 55% RTV and 65% RTV, while the secondary stimuli are designed as backgrounds in the purple color and their variations are made in the values of 25% RTV, 50 % RTV, 75% RTV and 100% RTV that surrounds the primary stimuli. Ten respondents of both sexes participated in the research. They had the task to match on a computer screen through the binocular harmonization technique the test primary stimuli with the referential stimuli, so that the test primary stimuli are perceived the same or equal to the referential primary stimuli. The intensity of the effect was determined and presented in the CIEDE00 system. The results of the research show that the intensity of the effect was more pronounced on the test primary stimuli of 65% RTV, where the deviations in the perception of color were more pronounced. The smallest deviation was measured on the primary stimulus of 55% RTV with the background of 75% RTV, which is also a recommendation to the designers when creating a conceptual solution with the combination of pairs presented in this paper.The machine printing and rapid cultural development in Europe begins with the discovery of metal lettering at the end of the 15th century. This printing technique has been named the letterpress printing and is one of the greatest inventions of mankind. The development of printing was one of the main indicators of the development of individual countries. We believe that today in the world and in Europe the Croatian development of that age is significantly neglected. This paper presents European development and development in Croatia. This paper will contribute to a more accurate evaluation of Croatian printing and cultural level of that time by displayingCroatian achievements of that era, the printing staff, printed works and printing houses, throughout European and Croatian development of printing.This paper presents a novel highly directive ultra-wide band antenna for using in microwave imaging systems. Defected Ground Structure (DGS) is incorporated in the top and side of the ground plane to enhance the bandwidth impedance matching. Subsequently, for the further improvement in the bandwidth, gain and directivity staircase slot and square slot is etched at the bottom and top edge of the square patch plane. The low-frequency performance of the proposed antenna can be achieved by adjusting the gap between the ground and patch plane. The proposed microstrip antenna is fabricated on a Flame Retardant (FR4) plate of laminate substrate with dielectric constant of 4.3. The result shows that a directivity of 2.2-8.4dBi is achieved across a bandwidth from 1.43-8.92GHz. Furthermore, gain, directivity, radiation pattern characteristic and reflection coefficient have also been analyzed at the different resonant frequency.The most important role of packaging is protecting a product, but also stimulating purchasing decision. Products on store shelfs can often be found packaged in different materials, even when they are of the same net weight. This study investigated how different packaging materials affect purchasing decision. The aim was to evaluate the user’s tendency towards a particular packaging material in relation to its functionality and environmental protection. Test samples were three common powder products: instant coffee, cocoa and sugar. Respondents’ task was to select one of the following packaging materials: glass, tin and composite material for coffee; rigid and flexible plastics for cocoa and sugar. The results showed that the user’s tendency towards packaging material is influenced by packaging functionality. In addition, technical (protection, recyclability) and ergonomic (presence of the lid, easy to dose and reusability) attributes have found to be essential criteria for the choice of packaging. Furthermore, this study showed that customers are ecologically aware since they tend to re-use the packaging, thus enhancing environmental care.Unique Arabic typography has different applications in local newspapers whether traditional newspapers or online forms. It started as an art and developed as a science which has been utilized to improve the way of communicating ideas. In Egyptian newspapers, typography has been used as a medium for transmitting news with roughly similar identities among different newspapers. This similarity has been reflected clearly in online newspaper versions due to either missing the visual identity criteria or technological deficiencies, or both. This study tries to explore three main Egyptian national newspapers’ visual identity as represented in their Arabic typography traditionally and via the web. The paper also discusses the readers’ and designers’ feedback regarding visual identity and technological changes in a bid to rebrand online newspaper visual identity.

Colour reproduction analysis of portrait photography in cross-media system: image on the computer monitor–electrophotographic printing

Photography is dominant illustration technique. Two-thirds of illustrations are realised in this technique most in commonly in the digital photography system. The portrait is one of the most present and most challenging photographic motifs which can be, in a technical sense, analysed primarily through monitoring of the changes in the skin colours. Modern publishing is characterised by increasing number of small circulations created in electrophotographic printing and, parallel, in electronic media. This paper deals with the portrait photography created on the computer monitor and with electrophotographic printing and the question if they can be, for consumers, considered to be the same. The evaluation was attended by the visual comparison based on the principle of memory harmonisation and ΔE00 determination. The results point out satisfactory reproduction in the electrophotographic printing of colour portrait photography in comparison to the portrait defined on the computer monitor, although the reproduction results in colour changes for skin colours and primary and secondary colours of additive and subtractive synthesis.

Impact of JPEG-WebP conversion on the characteristics of the photographic image

JPG is the most common format in digital photography today. In 2010 Google introduced WebP as the new optimal format for presenting photographs in the web environment, and the conversion of JPEG to WebP in Gmail, Picasa and Chrome services from 2013 is automatic and no more optional. Changes in colours and drawing sharpness of the image that occur in the JPEG - WebP conversion are analysed in the paper. The results point out changes in colours and the drawing sharpness of the image which are the outcomes of the JPG - WebP conversion and which can affect the technical, semantic and syntactic features of the photographs.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE THICKNESS OF THE GRID IN MUNKER-WHITE EFFECT

This paper shows the influence of the thickness of the grid on the intensity and assimilation in Munker-White effect. It can be described as the effect of assimilation of grey rectangular elements into the colour of unbroken lines. They are perceived darker in combination with grey and black lines, and lighter in white and grey combination. Measured colorimetric differences are shown in CIEDE2000 system. Three polynomial statistical regression models were created based on the results. Models contain polynomial expressions describing the influence of the grid thickness on the intensity shift of rectangular objects in Munker-White effect. Models were tested statistically and the analysis of measured parameters shows their statistical