Milton de Uzeda

Influence of serum and necrotic soft tissue on the antimicrobial effects of intracanal medicaments.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of serum and necrotic soft tissue on the antimicrobial activity of intracanal medicaments. The medicaments tested were: calcium hydroxyde/glycerin paste, calcium hydroxide/chlorhexidine paste, calcium hydroxide/camphorated paramonochlorophenol/glycerin paste, and chlorhexidine/zinc oxide paste. Survival of Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans exposed to the medicaments tested in the presence or absence of serum or necrotic tissue was monitored in three in vitro experiments where samples for culturing were taken at different time periods. The overall results demonstrated that the antimicrobial activity of all intracanal medicaments tested was slowed down in the presence of necrotic tissue. Calcium hydroxide pastes in glycerin or chlorhexidine were significantly affected by serum. Of the medicaments tested in this study, the least affected was the calcium hydroxide/camphorated paramonochlorophenol/glycerin paste.

The Association Between Detectable Plasmatic Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Viral Load and Different Subgingival Microorganisms in Brazilian Adults With HIV: A Multilevel Analysis

BACKGROUND This study investigates the association between detectable plasmatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral load (HVL) and high levels of periodontal- and non-periodontal-related microorganisms in the subgingival microbiota of individuals with HIV. METHODS Thirty-seven individuals with HIV were divided into two groups: 1) detectable HVL (n = 15); and 2) undetectable HVL (n = 22). Subgingival biofilm samples were obtained, and the levels of 35 microbial species were determined by the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method. Periodontal clinical measures and laboratory and sociodemographic data were also registered. χ(2) test, Fisher exact test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare groups. Multilevel ordinal regression models were used to test the association between HVL and the levels of 35 microbial species in subgingival biofilm, adjusted for confounders. RESULTS Of the 35 species studied, 11 (31.4%) showed higher mean levels in the detectable HVL group than undetectable HVL group (P <0.001). These species included Actinomyces naeslundii II, Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces odontolyticus, Veillonella parvula, Capnocytophaga gingivalis, Eikenella corrodens, Campylobacter concisus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Candida albicans. Significant associations between detectable HVL and high levels of microorganisms, adjusted for confounders, were observed for A. naeslundii I, Actinomyces gerencseriae, C. gingivalis, E. corrodens, C. concisus, Prevotella nigrescens, T. forsythia, and Dialister pneumosintes. CONCLUSION Detectable plasmatic HVL in individuals with HIV was associated with elevated levels of known periodontal pathogens, such as P. nigrescens, T. forsythia, and E. corrodens, as well as C. concisus, C. gingivalis, and D. pneumosintes in the subgingival biofilm.

Levels of HIV‐1 in subgingival biofilm of HIV‐infected patients

AIM The aims of the current study were to compare the levels of HIV-1 in the subgingival biofilm (SHVL) between detectable and undetectable plasmatic HIV-1 viral load (PHVL) in HIV-infected patients as well as to determine the association of SHVL with PHVL and clinical periodontal parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-one HIV-infected individuals were divided into two groups: detectable (21) and undetectable (20) PHVL. Subgingival biofilm samples were obtained for detection and quantification of HIV-1 by real-time RT-PCR. To estimate the effect of co-variables on the outcome undetectable SHVL, the Generalized Estimation Equation (GEE) was employed. RESULTS Detectable SHVL was observed only in the detectable PHVL group and the detection of the HIV-1 was observed in 40% of these individuals. In the bivariate analysis between co-variables from the individual level and the outcome SHVL, significant difference was observed only for the CD4+ T lymphocytes levels (p = 0.017). The multiple logistic model demonstrated that only CD4+ T lymphocytes levels had a significant effect on the outcome undetectable SHVL [OR 8.85 (CI 3.6-9.2), p = 0.002]. CONCLUSION HIV-1 can be detected and quantified in the subgingival biofilm of HIV-infected individuals, but these findings are not associated with PHVL and periodontal clinical parameters.

Antimicrobial activity of a temporary sealant used in endodontic treatment: An in vitro study

Objective: The present study is aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial action of Coltosol® in direct contact with human saliva. Materials and Methods: Twelve different individuals were selected. Saliva samples were evaluated at four different time periods: Baseline 1 (T1-initial control), T2 (2 h), T4 (24 h after contact with a standardized sample of a coronary sealer) and baseline 2 (T3-fi nal control). Seeded plates were incubated at 37°C in a bacterial incubator for a period of 48–72 h. After the incubation period, the colony forming units were counted, and the results compared. Results: Differences were statistically significant. There was an inhibition of bacterial growth after the fi rst 2 h of contact and an increase in the number of bacteria after 24 h of direct contact between the material and the saliva. Coltosol® presented bacterial growth inhibition in direct contact with saliva. This inhibitory effect tended to decrease over time, as shown by the two periods when the material was in contact with different samples of saliva. Conclusions: The antimicrobial activity of the material is an important feature; however, other physical and chemical properties of the coronary temporary sealer should be considered.

Os cistos radiculares poem curar após tratamento endodôntico

A etiologia das lesoes perirradiculares e suas diferentes manifestacoes clinicas ja estao bastante esclarecidas, porem o tratamento dos cistos radiculares ainda e um assunto controverso na Odontologia. O objetivo deste trabalho e realizar uma analise critica, baseada na literatura, sobre o tratamento de cistos radiculares, buscando evidencias que demonstrem que os cistos radiculares podem ser eliminados apos tratamento endodontico. Os cistos podem ser divididos em: cistos em bolsa e cistos verdadeiros, sendo que os cistos em bolsa respondem ao tratamento endodontico, enquanto os cistos verdadeiros somente podem ser tratados atraves da cirurgia perirradicular. Pode-se concluir que sendo o agente microbiano o responsavel pelas lesoes perirradiculares, a maioria destas lesoes, incluindo os cistos, regridem apos a intervencao endodontica nao cirurgica. DOI: 10.18363/rbo.v71i1.511