Mine Gulaboglu

Placental tissue iodine level and blood magnesium concentration in pre-eclamptic and normal pregnancy.

Objective: To assess iodine concentration in the placental tissue and magnesium concentration in the blood of women with severe pre‐eclampsia in northeast Anatolia and compare these values with those of healthy pregnant women from the same region. Methods: Placental tissue and blood specimens were obtained from 20 severely pre‐eclamptic and 15 healthy pregnant women. Iodine levels in placental tissue were determined by the Foss method based on the Sandell‐Kolthoff reaction. Results: Placental tissue iodine levels were lower in women with severe pre‐eclampsia than in healthy pregnant women (4.30 ± 1.36 ng of iodine/mg protein vs. 7.71 ± 2.84 ng of iodine/mg tissue protein; P < 0.001), as were blood magnesium levels (1.63 ± 0.05 mg/dL vs. 1.87 ± 0.05 mg/dL; P < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between placental tissue iodine levels and blood magnesium levels in women with severe pre‐eclampsia (r = 0.55, P < 0.05), but no such correlation was observed in healthy pregnant women (r = 0.23, P = 0.41). Conclusion: Magnesium assimilation is known to be defective when iodine levels are insufficient. In northeast Anatolia, where iodine deficiency is common, clinical trials of iodine supplementation should be considered for pre‐eclamptic therapy.

The Effect of Mirtazapine on Cisplatin-Induced Oxidative Damage and Infertility in Rat Ovaries

Cisplatin causes infertility due to ovarian toxicity. The toxicity mechanism is unknown, but evidence suggests oxidative stress. In this study, the effect of mirtazapine on cisplatin-induced infertility and oxidative stress in rats was investigated. 64 female rats were divided into 4 groups of 16. Except for the controls that received physiologic saline only, all were administered with cisplatin (5 mg/kg i.p.) and mirtazapine (15 mg/kg p.o.) or mirtazapine (30 mg/kg p.o.) for 10 days. After this period, six rats from each group were randomly selected, and malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO), total gluthatione (tGSH), gluthatione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanine (8-OH Gua) levels were measured in their ovarian tissues. Reproductive functions of the remaining rats were examined for 6 months. The MDA, MPO, NO groups and 8-OH Gua levels were higher in the cisplatin-treated groups than the controls, which was not observed in the mirtazapine and cisplatin groups. GSH, GPx, and SOD levels were reduced by cisplatin, which was prevented by mirtazapine. Cisplatin caused infertility by 70%. The infertility rates were, respectively, 40% and 10% for the 15 and 30 mg/kg mirtazapine administered groups. In conclusion, oxidative stress induced by cisplatin in the rat ovary tissue causes infertility in the female rats. Mirtazapine reverses this in a dose-dependent manner.

Comparison of iodine contents in gastric cancer and surrounding normal tissues

Abstract It has been suggested that iodine plays an important role in gastric cancer. Gastric cancer ranks first among the cancers in the north-eastern Anatolia region, Turkey, where iodine deficiency is common. In this study, iodine levels were determined in gastric cancer and surrounding normal tissues in 19 patients with gastric cancer. Tissue iodine levels were determined by the Foss method based on the Sandell-Kolt-hoff reaction. Tissue iodine levels were lower in gastric cancer tissue (17.8±3.4ngI/mg protein, mean±SEM) compared with surrounding normal tissue (41.7±8.0ngI/mg protein) (p<0.001). There was positive correlation between the iodine levels in gastric cancer tissue and surrounding normal tissue (r=0.845, p<0.001). There was no significant difference in iodine levels in cancer and surrounding normal tissue between male and female subjects. The iodine deficiency in our region may be one of the factors for increased gastric cancer prevalence. Our results support the hypothesis that iodine plays an important role in gastric cancer development.

Blood and urine iodine levels in patients with gastric cancer.

In this study, we aimed to investigate whether there is any relationship between gastric cancer and iodine concentrations in blood and urine in the northeast Anatolia region, where iodine deficiency is common. A total of 56 patients, diagnosed as gastric cancer and 25 healthy volunteers were included in the study. The methods used were based on the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction. The urine iodine concentration (UIC) and serum protein-bound iodine (PBI) levels were higher in patients with gastric cancer compared with healthy control subjects. The UIC in stage IV was higher than all other stages and the control group. The UIC was higher in stages III and IV compared with stages I and II. However, serum PBI levels in stage III were higher compared with stages I, and II and also control group. The serum PBI level in stage IV was higher than stage II and the control group. In the patient and control groups, there were no significant differences in serum PBI and UIC with regard to age or sex. Our results suggested that urinary and blood iodine concentration might be a useful marker for following the disease.

The Impact of Resveratrol on Oxidative Stress Induced by Methotrexate in Rat Ileum Tissue: Evaluation of Biochemical and Histopathological Features and Analysis of Gene Expression.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of resveratrol (RST) on oxidative stress induced by methotrexate in rat ileum tissue. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into 4 groups with 6 in each group. Each rat was orally administered the following every day for 30 days: group 1 (MTXG), methotrexate (MTX; 5 mg/kg); group 2 (RMTXG), MTX (5 mg/kg) plus RST (25 mg/kg/day); group 3 (RSTG), RST alone (25 mg/kg/day), and group 4 (controls), distilled water. After the rats had been sacrified, the ilea were removed for the assessment of malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (tGSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Gene expression analyses for interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were also performed. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained paraffin-embedded sections of the ileum were analyzed under a light microscope and the findings were recorded. Statistical analyses of the data were performed using one-way ANOVA. Results: The administration of MTX in group 1 yielded a higher level of MDA (8.33 ± 2.5 μmol/g protein, p < 0.001) and lower levels of tGSH (0.97 ± 0.29 nmol/g protein) and GSH-Px (5.22 ± 0.35 U/g protein, p < 0.001) compared to the other groups. MTX also increased IL-1β (40.33 ± 5.43 gene expression levels), TNF-α (6.08 ± 0.59) and MPO gene expression (9 ± 1.41) in group 1 compared to the controls (11.33 ± 2.07, 2.15 ± 0.33 and 3.43 ± 0.48, respectively, p < 0.001). The impact of RST on IL-1β, TNF-α and MPO gene expression induced by MTX was observed as a reversal of these findings (p < 0.05). Severe inflammation, damage to the villus epithelium and crypt necrosis was observed histopathologically in the MTXG group, whereas only mild inflammation was seen in the RMTXG group. Conclusion: In this study, ileal damage caused by MTX was inhibited by RST.

Effect of thiamine pyrophosphate on ischemia-reperfusion induced oxidative damage in rat kidney.

Objectives: The biochemical effects of thiamine pyrophosphate on ischemia-reperfusion (IR) induced oxidative damage and DNA mutation in rat kidney tissue were investigated, and compared to thiamine. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into four groups: Renal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR); thiamine pyrophosphate + RIR (TPRIR); thiamine + RIR (TRIR); and sham group (SG). Results: The results of biochemical experiments have shown that malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in rat kidney tissue after TRIR and TPRIR treatment were 7.2 ± 0.5 (P > 0.05) and 3.3 ± 0.3 (P < 0.0001) μmol/g protein, respectively. The MDA levels in the SG rat kidney tissue and in RIR group were 3.6 ± 0.2 (P < 0.0001) and 7.6 ± 0.6 μmol/g protein, respectively. Total glutathione (tGSH) levels in TRIR, TPRIR, SG, and RIR animal groups were 2.2 ± 0.3 (P > 0.05), 5.8 ± 0.4 (P < 0.0001), 6.2 ± 0.2 (P < 0.0001), and 1.7 ± 0.2 nmol/g protein, respectively. In the TRIR, TPRIR, SG, and RIR animal groups; 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OHGua)/Gua levels, which indicate mutagenic DNA, were 1.75 ± 0.12 (P > 0.05), 0.93 ± 0.1 (P < 0.0001), 0.85 ± 0.08 (P < 0.0001), and 1.93 ± 0.24 pmol/L, respectively. Conclusions: It has been shown that thiamine pyrophosphate prevents increase in mutagenic DNA in IR induced oxidative damage, whereas thiamine does not have this effect.

Effects of Hippophae rhamnoides extract on oxidative mucosal injury induced by cisplatin in rat jejunum

Objectives: We aimed to assess the effect of Hippophae rhamnoides extract (HR) on oxidative stress induced by cisplatin (Cis) in rat small intestine tissue by evaluating the biochemical and gene expression levels and histopathological changes. Materials and Methods: The control group and Cis group received distilled water, while the HR25+cisplatin (HR25+Cis) group and the HR50+cisplatin (HR50+Cis) group were given HR 25 and 50 mg/kg, respectively, orally for seven days. HR25+Cis, HR50+Cis, Cis groups were injected with a single dose of intraperitoneal cisplatin on the first day. After sacrifice, the jejunum of each rat was removed for the assessment of oxidants and antioxidants. Analyses of the gene expression (for IL-1s and TNF-α) and histopathological changes evaluated. Results: HR significantly inhibited the increase of oxidants and the decrease of antioxidants caused by cisplatin in the jejunal tissue. IL-1β and TNF-α gene expression levels were almost the same in both the HR50+Cis and the control groups. HR better prevented increase of the serum levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in animals at 50 mg/kg dose compared to 25 mg/kg dose. We confirmed that HR prevented the histopathological changes caused by cisplatin. Conclusions: It was concluded that oxidative stress caused by cisplatin may be preventable by coadministered HR.