Mirian Ribeiro Leite Moura

Interação fármaco-nutriente: uma revisão

Diet influences the whole life cycle, supplying nutrients required to maintain the human body. Functional and/or structural alterations, caused by diseases and acute or chronic infections, lead to the use of drugs in order to restore the health. The oral route is preferred for drug administration, owing to safety and convenience, among other reasons. The drug-nutrient interaction phenomenon can occur before or during gastrointestinal absorption, during distribution and storage in the tissues, in the biotransformation process, or even during excretion. Thus, to know the drugs whose rate of absorption and/or absorbed amount can be affected in the presence of food, as well as those that are not affected, is of fundamental importance. On the other hand, a number of commonly used drugs, including antibiotics, antacids and laxatives, can cause malabsorption of nutrients. Therefore, the objective of this article is to present a review of the several aspects involved in the drug-nutrient interaction.A dieta influencia todos os estagios do ciclo da vida, fornecendo nutrientes necessarios ao sustento do corpo humano. Alteracoes de ordem funcional e/ou estrutural, provocadas por doencas e infeccoes agudas ou cronicas, levam a utilizacao de medicamentos, cujo objetivo e restaurar a saude. A via preferencial escolhida para a sua administracao e a oral, entre outras razoes, por sua comodidade e seguranca. O fenomeno de interacao farmaco-nutriente pode surgir antes ou durante a absorcao gastrintestinal, durante a distribuicao e armazenamento nos tecidos, no processo de biotransformacao ou mesmo durante a excrecao. Assim, e de importância fundamental conhecer os farmacos cuja velocidade de absorcao e/ou quantidade absorvida podem ser afetadas na presenca de alimentos, bem como aqueles que nao sao afetados. Por outro lado, muitos deles, incluindo antibioticos, antiacidos e laxativos podem causar ma absorcao de nutrientes. Portanto, o objetivo do presente artigo e apresentar uma revisao dos diversos aspectos envolvidos na interacao farmaco-nutriente.

Antibiotic residues in Brazilian UHT milk: a screening study

O objetivo deste trabalho e realizar um estudo preliminar para verificar a presenca de residuos de antibioticos em leite UHT disponiveis no mercado brasileiro, utilizando o metodo rapido do iogurte. Das 100 (100%) amostras analisadas, 96 (96%) indicaram negativas, sugerindo ausencia de residuos de antibioticos, enquanto 4 (4%) mostraram-se positivas. Os resultados sugerem a necessidade de continuo monitoramento deste parâmetro por parte da Vigilância Sanitaria com o objetivo de oferecer um produto seguro, sem riscos para saude do consumidor.The aim of this research was to carry out a screening study to check the incidence of antimicrobial residues in Brazilian UHT milk according to rapid yoghurt method. Of the 100 (100%) samples analysed, 96 (96%) showed no traces of antibiotic residues while 4 (4%) indicated probable presence of antibiotic residues. The results suggest that the Brazilian Sanitary Surveillance Agency should apply continuous monitoring programs in order to obtain a safe product offering no health risks to consumers.

Consumption of açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) functional beverage reduces muscle stress and improves effort tolerance in elite athletes: a randomized controlled intervention study

The study analyzed the effect of an açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) functional beverage (AB) on muscle and oxidative stress markers, cardiorespiratory responses, perceived exertion, and time-to-exhaustion during maximal treadmill running. The beverage was developed as an ergogenic aid for athletes and contained 27.6 mg of anthocyanins per dose. Fourteen athletes performed 3 exercise tests: a ramp-incremental maximal exercise test and 2 maximal exercise bouts performed in 2 conditions (AB and without AB (control)) at 90% maximal oxygen uptake. Blood was collected at baseline and after maximal exercise in both conditions to determine biomarkers. AB increased time to exhaustion during short-term high-intensity exercise (mean difference: 69 s, 95% confidence interval = -296 s to 159 s, t = 2.2, p = 0.045), attenuating the metabolic stress induced by exercise (p < 0.05). AB also reduced perceived exertion and enhanced cardiorespiratory responses (p < 0.05). The AB may be a useful and practical ergogenic aid to enhance performance during high-intensity training.

Drug-nutrient interaction: a review

Diet influences the whole life cycle, supplying nutrients required to maintain the human body. Functional and/or structural alterations, caused by diseases and acute or chronic infections, lead to the use of drugs in order to restore the health. The oral route is preferred for drug administration, owing to safety and convenience, among other reasons. The drug-nutrient interaction phenomenon can occur before or during gastrointestinal absorption, during distribution and storage in the tissues, in the biotransformation process, or even during excretion. Thus, to know the drugs whose rate of absorption and/or absorbed amount can be affected in the presence of food, as well as those that are not affected, is of fundamental importance. On the other hand, a number of commonly used drugs, including antibiotics, antacids and laxatives, can cause malabsorption of nutrients. Therefore, the objective of this article is to present a review of the several aspects involved in the drug-nutrient interaction.A dieta influencia todos os estagios do ciclo da vida, fornecendo nutrientes necessarios ao sustento do corpo humano. Alteracoes de ordem funcional e/ou estrutural, provocadas por doencas e infeccoes agudas ou cronicas, levam a utilizacao de medicamentos, cujo objetivo e restaurar a saude. A via preferencial escolhida para a sua administracao e a oral, entre outras razoes, por sua comodidade e seguranca. O fenomeno de interacao farmaco-nutriente pode surgir antes ou durante a absorcao gastrintestinal, durante a distribuicao e armazenamento nos tecidos, no processo de biotransformacao ou mesmo durante a excrecao. Assim, e de importância fundamental conhecer os farmacos cuja velocidade de absorcao e/ou quantidade absorvida podem ser afetadas na presenca de alimentos, bem como aqueles que nao sao afetados. Por outro lado, muitos deles, incluindo antibioticos, antiacidos e laxativos podem causar ma absorcao de nutrientes. Portanto, o objetivo do presente artigo e apresentar uma revisao dos diversos aspectos envolvidos na interacao farmaco-nutriente.

Spray-dried extract from the Amazonian adaptogenic plant Ampelozizyphus amazonicus Ducke (Saracura-mirá): Chemical composition and immunomodulatory properties

Ampelozizyphus amazonicus Ducke is a medicinal plant used in the Amazon region to prepare a drink with tonic, immunomodulatory and adaptogenic properties. Due to the growing interest in dietary supplements with these properties and, to provide a new functional ingredient, barks from A. amazonicus were extracted. The extract was spray dried without drying adjuvants, resulting in a powder (SARF), which was characterized by its physico-chemical properties and proximate, mineral and saponin contents. The SARF saponins were characterized by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/high resolution accurate mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMSn) analysis. The SARF particles tended to have a spherical shape and a unimodal size distribution. The particles also had good rehydration characteristics and high saponin content (33%). The effect of SARF on antibody production was investigated, and we found that SARF increased the basal levels of anti-ovalbumin, anti-LPS and anti-dextran IgM antibodies, and the anti-dextran IgG antibodies in unimmunized mice. No increase in antibody titers was observed after SARF treatment in immunized mice. These results suggest that SARF could be an interesting new functional ingredient for food applications or pharmaceutical products.