Miroslav Badida

The Influence of Sodium Chloride on the Resulting AAO Film Thickness

The contribution examines the effects of the electrolyte chemical composition on the resulting AAO layer thickness, which is one of the main indicators of corrosion protection of aluminium parts and which also favourably affects mechanical properties of component surfaces. For comparison purposes, there were selected the electrolytes comprising sulphuric acid, oxalic acid, boric acid and sodium chloride. Anodizing time for all specimens was 210.00 minutes. At the same time, equal electrolyte temperature 22.00°C ± 13.64% as well as equal magnitude of the applied voltage 12.00 V ± 4.17% were determined for all specimens. The results obtained lead to the assumption that it is possible to replace conventional electrolytes by those that are more environmentally friendly, reduce the costs of their disposal and allow obtaining oxide layers of the same thickness. The admixture of sodium chloride plays here the crucial role and its effect on the thickness of the formed oxide layer has not been published yet in any study.

The New Knowledge of Environmentally Friendly Joints Made by Thermal Drilling

The contribution deals with possibilities of new progressive technologies in materials joining processes. By using of friction, physical factors as temperature and thermal conductivity in joining, we can increase the quality of material joining and can join of various types of material. There is also shortage the production time, provide automation in operations is possible, spare of economical expenses and also we can protect the environment. The product increasing of automobile industry, pipe industry, development of mechanical products, materials, design of joining in civil engineering force the producers to accelerate the production and to utilize new technologies.

Liquid–liquid microextraction and spectrophotometric determination of anionic surfactants using Astra Phloxine FF

A novel and simple procedure for determination of anionic surfactants has been developed. The method is based on the reaction of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) with Astra Phloxine FF reagent at pH 3–8, followed by liquid–liquid microextraction of the formed ion associate into an organic phase containing a mixture of carbon tetrachloride and dichloroethane (4:1, v/v) and subsequent UV-Vis detection at 555 nm. The calibration plot was linear in the range 0.006–0.29 mg L−1 of SDS. The limit of detection (LOD), calculated based on 3s, is 0.002 mg L−1. The method was applied to the determination of anionic surfactants in real wastewater samples.

DETERMINATION OF OPTIMAL PRODUCTION VOLUME RESPONDING ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA

Environmental protection, quality requirements for products, eco –design of materials, increasing of production volume and market competition force the manufacturers to adapt to these requirements and also to economic issues. A mathematical method is applied to the solution of this problem. The individual factors of environmental and economic character are expressed by means of different equations having universal validity. The most important factor of the given ones is the so called natural capital, alias natural resources. They are derived from the environment. Each of summarized criterions is represented by its graphical form. An application to the automotive industry closes the paper.

A Novel, Donor-Active Solvent-Assisted Liquid-Phase Microextraction Procedure for Spectrometric Determination of Zinc

Based on the reaction of Zn(II), thiocyanate and 2-[2-(5-dimethylamino-thiophen-2-yl)-vinyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium bromide (DTVTI), a donor-active solvent-assisted liquid-phase microextraction procedure followed by spectrophotometric determination of zinc at 570 nm was developed. The optimum experimental conditions were investigated and found to be as follows: concentration of NH4SCN 0.02 mol L-1, concentration of DTVTI 4 × 10-5 mol L-1. Various extraction solvents were studied alone as well as in mixtures with different improvers, and a mixture of toluene as the extraction solvent and tributylphosphate as the donor-active solvent in a 4:1 v/v ratio was selected. The calibration plot was linear up to 2.62 mg L-1 of zinc with limit of detection 0.09 mg L-1. The developed procedure was applied for zinc determination in dietary supplements.

Office Materials Impact to Perceived Working Environment Quality

Some common and new office material combination impact on perceived working environment quality used as surface interior materials is presented in this paper. Traditional and progressive materials comparison reveals new fact regarding the TVOCs concentration. Task of the study was to investigate the possibility of using individual material surfaces sorption ability. The chemical analysis and sensory assessments identifies health adverse of indoor air pollutants (TVOCs). The knowledge about the targeted use of sorption effect can be used already in the office working environment design phase. The results demonstrate the various sorption abilities of various indoor materials as well as various sorption ability of the same indoor surface material in various combinations.

Design of Illumination and Lighting Visualization by Simulation Methods

This article deals with designing internal artificial lighting as part of the working environment, which is subject to certain rules, derived from the nature of lighting. Good lighting exerts an impact on visual comfort, which contributes to overall psychological well-being, and indirectly also to the quality and productivity of performance, to reliability and to visual performance. Currently the development of computer graphics software products exist to enable a comprehensive design and calculation of the parameters of lighting systems, which would reflect light effects that arise in artificial and day lighting. For the purposes of this paper, as to the possibilities utilisation simulations of light—technical parameters are presented simulations of the lighting design of mechanical engineering workshop created in the software DIALux.

Laser marking as environment technology

Abstract The contribution deals with the laser marking as one of the progressive and environment friendly technologies with utilisation in many branches of industry. Engraving and other types of laser marking of different types of materials are very actual technologies these days. Laser marking decreases the waste creation in comparison with the other classical marking technologies, which use paintings or created chips. In this experimental investigation the laser marking surface texturing of material AL99,7 according to STN 42 4003:1993-08 (STN EN 573) has been conducted. The laser marking machine TruMark 6020 and software TruTops Mark were used. Laser surface texturing after laser marking has been realised under different combinations of process parameters: pulse frequency, pulse energy and laser beam scanning speed. The morphological characterization of engraving or annealing surfaces has been performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique. The evaluation of roughness of engraved surfaces has been realized according to STN EN ISO 4287 by using Surftest SJ 301. The aim of the contribution was to show how different laser parameters affect the surface texture and colour change of metallic materials while creating minimal waste.

Design and Effectiveness Verification of Sound Reduction Measures in Production Hall

The main aim of the work described in this paper was to design and validate measures to reduce noise levels in a training center. This training center serves for the practical training of students with the focus in the shaping and machining engineering products. Reduction of noise in the training center was mainly due to the clarity and hearing of the spoken word between the lecturer and students, as well as to reduce the risk of hearing damage. In order to reduce noise levels, it was proposed to overlap the training center with a roof structure filled with sound absorbing material in two solutions. The noise absorption coefficient of the selected material was determined on the impedance tube. For verification of effectiveness, measurements of equivalent A sound levels were made before and after realization noise reduction measures. Reduction of equivalent A sound pressure levels after the noise reduction measures are between 15.5 dB and 17.5 dB depending on the measuring point and the operating mode. The effectiveness of the implemented measures reaches a good level, as noise was reduced to the recommended legislative level.

Options surface treatment aluminum structural components

The contribution examines the effects of the electrolyte chemical composition on the resulting AAO layer thickness, which is one of the main indicators of corrosion protection of aluminium parts and which also favourably affects mechanical properties of component surfaces. For comparison purposes,there were selected the electrolytes comprising sulphuric acid and sulphuric acid with sodium chloride. Anodizing time for both samples was 210 minutes. The results obtained lead to the assumption that it is possible to replace conventional electrolytes by those that are more environmentally friendly, reduce the costs of their disposal and allow obtaining oxide layers of the same thickness. Detected difference of thickness of formed surface layers was moving in range 1-1,50x10-3 mm, with lowering the amount of used chemical substances and amount of used electrical energy on half of original amounts, at the same time. Here you should describe the paper idea in short