Misa Shimpo

The development of an Aftermath of Dietary Lapses Coping Questionnaire for weight control

Objective: This study was designed to develop the Aftermath of Dietary Lapses Coping Questionnaire (ADLCQ) for evaluating how people cope with the aftermath of dietary lapses during weight control. Method: Between June–July 2012, dieticians working in public health centres and city offices in Sizuoka, Japan, recruited 466 participants. They were asked to complete a 20-item self-report questionnaire pertaining to coping strategies in the aftermath of dietary lapses. The questionnaire included items regarding the stage (readiness) of weight control, the experience of weight loss and demographic characteristics. We examined the questionnaire’s construct validity by conducting confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses and investigated reliability by examining internal consistency and correlations of factors with readiness for weight control and the experience of weight loss. Results: Data from 411 participants were analysed. Five factors (i.e. self-reflective thoughts, compensation by healthy eating, compensation by exercising, self-monitoring and positive thoughts), collectively consisting of 17 items, reached nearly acceptable levels of validity (adjusted goodness-of-fit index [AGFI] = .919, goodness-of-fit index [GFI] = .943, comparative fit index [CFI] = .832, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = .045). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranged from .61 to .87. Scores for coping differed with the readiness for weight control and the experience of weight loss. Conclusion: We developed the 17-item ADLCQ to evaluate coping with the aftermath of dietary lapses and confirmed the validity and the reliability of the questionnaire.

The impact of coping strategies on weight control in the aftermath of dietary lapses in a high impulsivity group.

OBJECTIVE Individuals with high impulsivity tend to overeat on impulse. The objective of this study was to examine methods of weight control, focusing on coping with the aftermath of dietary lapses, among those who have high impulsivity. METHODS Eight hundred adults aged 20-59 years, who were registered with a research company completed a self-reported cross-sectional questionnaire. They were classified into low and high impulsivity groups using the median impulsivity score measured with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. We compared coping strategies in the aftermath of dietary lapses between the two groups. We also examined the correlation between coping methods and body mass index (BMI) using multiple regression analysis in the low and high impulsivity groups. RESULTS The high impulsivity group used more coping strategies, such as self-monitoring, self-reflective thoughts, and positive thoughts. The main finding of this study was that compensation by healthy eating was negatively correlated with BMI in the high impulsivity group. Additionally, positive thoughts were positively correlated with BMI. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that compensation with healthy eating in the aftermath of dietary lapses is important to control weight in those with high impulsivity.

The relationship of eating until 80% full with types and energy values of food consumed.

OBJECTIVE Eating until one is 80% full is considered a healthy dietary practice in Japan. This study examined the relationship between this behavior and energy intake and types and quantities of foods consumed to examine its beneficial effects. METHODS This study relied on dietary records and self-administered questionnaires completed by 330 users of a health-management website in November 2012. ANOVA was performed to examine the relationship between eating until one is 80% full and intake. RESULTS Men who always ate until they were 80% full consumed less energy than those who did not (mean [SD]; always: 1997.3 [356.7] kcal; rarely/never: 2448.9 [637.1] kcal; p<0.05). Moreover, men who ate until they were 80% full consumed fewer servings of grain dishes (always: 3.7 [0.9] servings; rarely/never: 5.1 [1.9] servings; p<0.05) and more servings of vegetable dishes (always: 5.9 [2.2] servings; rarely/never: 4.0 [2.3] servings, p<0.05) than those who did not. CONCLUSION Men who ate until they were 80% full consumed less energy and more vegetable dishes than those who did not, suggesting that eating until one is 80% full is associated with healthy dietary habits among men.