Moatassem S. Amer

Quality of life in elderly diabetic patients with peripheral arterial disease.

Aim:  To study the impact of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) on quality of life and functional status in Egyptian elderly diabetic patients.

Malnutrition and Its Risk Factors in Nursing Home Residents in Cairo

Conflict of Interest: The editor in chief has reviewed the conflict of interest checklist provided by the authors and has determined that the authors have no financial or any other kind of personal conflicts with this paper. Author Contributions: Concept and design: WingKeung Cheung. Acquisition of subjects and data: WingKeung Cheung, Yao-Peng Shu, and Shei-Chain Tseng. Analysis and interpretation of data: Wing-Keung Cheung, Yao-Peng Shu, Shei-Chain Tseng, and Kao-Lun Wang. Preparation of manuscript: Wing-Keung Cheung. Critical review and approval: all authors. Sponsor’s Role: None.

Proinflammatory cytokines in Egyptian elderly with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Background: The pulmonary component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation is usually progressive and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lung to noxious particles or gases. Hypothesis: The levels of the proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP), in elderly patients suffering from COPD are increased. Settings and Design: A case control study involving 90 elderly participants from the outpatient clinics of Ain Shams University hospitals. Materials and Methods: The 90 subjects were subdivided into three equal groups ’ group I (control), group II (patients with COPD), and group III (patients with COPD and cardiovascular complications). Comprehensive clinical assessment, pulmonary functions, and echocardiography were performed. The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and CRP were measured in the patients’ serum and compared. Statistical analysis: SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 10. Results: IL1-βand CRP were significantly higher in the third group than the first group (P <0.05). There was a similar significant difference between the second and third group as regards IL1-βand CRP (P < 0.05). Positive significant correlation between CRP and TNF-α with stage of COPD according to FEV1 (P <0.05) were found. Conclusions: Complicated cases of COPD had higher levels of IL1-β and CRP and the more severe the cases, the higher the levels of CRPand TNF-α.

Relationship Between Socioeconomic Factors and Cognitive Function in Elderly Caregivers

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Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment among older adults living in Mansoura city, Egypt

BackgroundMild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents a high-risk factor for developing dementia. However, the epidemiology of MCI is not well known. AimThis work was performed to determine the prevalence of MCI in nondemented older adults. Participants and methodsA cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 100 community-dwelling nondemented older adults aged 60 years or older living in Mansoura city, Egypt. A comprehensive geriatric assessment including medical history and physical examination was carried out for each participant. Cognitive functions were evaluated using the Arabic translation of the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Arabic version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test. ResultsThe prevalence of MCI was 32% among the studied population. MCI was associated with advanced age, low education, hypertension, and depression, but sex, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and ischemic heart disease were not associated with MCI. ConclusionMCI is frequent in older people. Our study suggests that approximately 32% of elderly participants free of dementia are affected by MCI, and advanced age, hypertension, and depression are the main factors associated with MCI. Further studies are needed to determine the prevalence of MCI throughout Egypt.

EFFECT OF MALNUTRITION ON EXECUTIVE FUNCTION IN OLDER EGYPTIANS IN GERIATRIC HOMES

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Chronic Diseases and Outcome in Critically Ill Elderly Admitted to ICU

Background: Elderly patients are a significant and increasing proportion of ICU patients. With advancing age, the comorbidities critically ill elderly patients have substantial mortality. The early recognition of patients at high risk of mortality is needed to plan care in advance and to control healthcare costs. Aim: To find out the relation between chronic diseases and outcome in critically ill elderlyadmitted to ICU. Study design: A prospective study. Participants: seventy elderly patients aged 60 years and above. Method: This study was performed in Geriatric ICU in Ain Shams University Hospitals including 70 critically ill elderly patients admitted for 24 hours or more. Each patient was subjected to on admission clinical assessment including detailed history taking, in addition to laboratory investigations. Results: The results of our study showed that ischemic heart disease was the only chronic diseases that had significant statistical effect on mortality in critically ill elderly admitted to ICU with p. value= 0.002. Conclusion: In the current study we found that mortality was associated with history of ischemic heart disease.

Prevalence of Functional Impairment among Frail Elderly

Background Frailty is a state of vulnerability describes a syndrome characterized by progressive multi system decline, loss of physiologic reserve, and increase vulnerability to disease and death. Frailty has emerged as a condition associated with an increased risk of functional decline among the elderly population, which may be differentiated from aging, disability, and comorbidity. Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of functional impairment and cognitive functions among frail elderly. Methods:We examined104 frail elderly. Frailty criteria included unintentional weight loss, exhaustion, weakness, low physical activity, and slow walking speed. physical function was assessed using Activities of daily living (ADL) and Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results:The mean age of the studied population was 69 years, 53.85% were males, 46.15% were females, the majority of our participants were illiterates (89.4%), and were living with family (84.62%), only 6.73% were smokers. 36.5% of frail participants were assisted in activity of daily living (ADL) and 7.7% were dependents, while 63.5% were assisted in instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) and 8.7% were dependents; the sample participants in general had borderline scores for MMSE, indicating a cognitive performance in the lower normal range. Conclusions Frail elderly had low normal score on MMSE, and high prevalence of functional impairment.

Abdominal Aortic Diameter in Elderly with Asymptomatic Uncomplicated Hypertension and its Relation to Peripheral Arterial Disease

Background: Abdominal Aortic Diameter (AAD) is a crucial measurement in diagnosing Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, a life threatening condition that is closely linked to Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD). Aim: To recognize the relationship between AAD and PAD in asymptomatic uncomplicated hypertensive elderly.

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 As a Predictor of Mortality in Frail Egyptian Elderly Adults

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