Mohamed Nurullah

Capital budgeting practices: evidence from Sri Lanka

Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to investigate prevailing capital budgeting practices in Sri Lankan listed companies. Design/methodology/approach - – A comprehensive primary survey was conducted of 32 out of 46 chief financial officers (CFOs) of manufacturing and trading companies listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange in Sri Lanka. Garnered data were then analyzed using appropriate statistical techniques. Findings - – The results revealed that net present value (NPV) was the most preferred capital budgeting method, followed closely by payback (PB) and internal rate of return (IRR). Similarly, sensitivity analysis was regarded as the dominant capital budgeting tool for incorporating risk and the widely used method for calculating cost of capital was the weighted average cost of capital. Moreover, results revealed that size of the capital budget affects the use of the capital budgeting methods (NPV, IRR and PB) and incorporating risk tool (sensitivity analysis and simulation). Further, results revealed that CFOs had higher educational qualification were preferred to use sophisticated capital budgeting practices dominantly NPV, IRR and incorporating risk tool of sensitivity analysis although they were found to be reluctant in use of accounting rate of return. In a similar vein CFOs with higher experience were preferred using IRR and sensitivity analysis. Originality/value - – This study contributed to academics, practitioners, policy makers and stakeholders of the company. Moreover, this research has proffered a more reliable and comprehensive analysis of capital budgeting practices in Sri Lankan listed manufacturing and trading firms. Since Sri Lanka is an unexplored country on capital budgeting practices, this research was originally contributed to the extant literature

Application of the Fama and French Factor Models to the Credit Default Swaps (CDS) Market

In this paper we apply the Fama French (FF) three-factor (3F) and five-factor (5F) models to the CDS market. By converting daily CDS spreads into daily returns we are able to perform tests on the FF 3F and 5F models. Our results provide evidence that both 3F and 5F models can be extended to the CDS market. We also test the default risk hypothesis, by augmenting the FF models with the distance-to-default factor. Our findings suggest it is unlikely that SMB and HML are proxying for the default risk. We conclude that the FF 5F model is the preferred model for explaining daily CDS returns.

Value at risk: does it work in emerging markets?

Estimating and controlling risks has become a vital topic in financial institutions (Bouchaud, 2000; Mulvey et al., 1996). All financial intermediaries (FIs) entail the assumption, management and pricing of risk (Cornett and Saunders, 1999). Risk facing financial intermediations, in this broader sense, encompasses credit risk, market risk, liquidity risk, gearing risk, solvency risk, operational risk and sovereign risk (Bessis, 2001; Santemero and Babbel, 1996; Sinkey, 2002; Thygerson, 1995). Among these different risk issues and categories, market risk is a central risk faced by financial institutions (Bessis, 2001; Cornett and Saunders, 1999; Heffernan, 1996; Santomero, 1997), and there are a number of models that are currently employed by various financial institutions to measure it; Table 8.1 gives a brief outline of the measurement of market risk.