Mohd Fareq Abd Malek

Study and Simulation of an Edge Couple Split Ring Resonator (Ec-SRR) on Truncated Pyramidal Microwave Absorber

Split ring resonator (SRR) structure can potentially be incorporated onto the truncated pyramidal microwave absorber. This study considers three difierent patterns of edge couple split ring resonator (EC-SRR) designs. Each EC-SRR design is then placed onto the truncated pyramidal microwave absorber. Outer split gap dimension widths of the EC-SRR are varied, and the various S21 performances are compared. This EC-SRR truncated pyramidal microwave absorber is simulated using CST Microwave Studio simulation software. The study and simulation are performed in low frequency range (0.01GHz to 1GHz) as well as in microwave frequencies range (1GHz to 20GHz). Simulation results of this EC- SRR show improvement of re∞ection loss and S11 performance in the high frequency range of the pyramidal truncated microwave absorber.

RUBBER TIRE DUST-RICE HUSK PYRAMIDAL MICROWAVE ABSORBER

Rubber tire dust-rice husk is an innovation in improving the design of pyramidal microwave absorbers to be used in radio frequency (RF) anechoic chambers. An RF anechoic chamber is a shielded room covered with absorbers to eliminate unwanted re∞ection signals. To design the pyramidal microwave absorber, rice husk will be added to rubber tire dust since the study shows that both have high percentages of carbon. This innovative material combination will be investigated to determine the best re∞ectivity or re∞ection loss performance of pyramidal microwave absorbers. Carbon is the most important element that must be in the absorber in order to help the absorption of unwanted microwave signals. In the commercial

The Use of a Human Body Model to Determine the Variation of Path Losses in the Human Body Channel in Wireless Capsule Endoscopy

Presently, wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is the sole technology for inspecting the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract for diseases painlessly and in a non-invasive way. For the further development of WCE, the main concern is the development of a high- speed telemetry system that is capable of transmitting high-resolution images at a higher frame rate, which is also a concern in the use of conventional endoscopy. A vital task for such a high-speed telemetry system is to be able to determine the path loss and how it varies in a radio channel in order to calculate the proper link budget. The hostile nature of the human bodys channel and the complex anatomical structure of the GI tract cause remarkable variations in path loss at difierent frequencies of the system as well as at capsule locations that have high impacts on the calculation of the link budget. This paper presents the path loss and its variation in terms of system frequency and location of the capsule. Along with the guideline about the optimum system frequency for WCE, we present the difierence between the maximum and minimum path loss at difierent anatomical regions, which is the most important information in the link-margin setup for highly e-cient telemetry systems in next-generation capsules. In order

Development of a noninvasive continuous blood pressure measurement and monitoring system

Non invasive continuous blood pressure measurement system is more useful than conventional blood pressure measurement systems. The arterial system is extraordinarily well regulated blood delivery network in human body. It responds very quickly according to the body movements like altered body position, or in sudden excitation. So now a days continuous blood pressure monitoring devices are becoming more essential. Many types of blood pressure measurement devices are available. Those devices allow only few blood pressure readings in every 10 minutes. In contrast to them, we develop a very low cost noninvasive continuous blood pressure measurement and monitoring system. It measures blood pressure using volume oscillometric method and photoplethysmography technique during a long time period continuously. The rate of change of blood volume in an organ such as finger has a linear relationship with blood pressure. This rate of change of blood volume in finger is measured by an optical sensor network which estimates blood pressure. It displays the numerical value of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a mini LCD. Our developed system is reliable, accurate and less expensive.

A Study of the EMC Performance of a Graded-Impedance, Microwave, Rice-Husk Absorber

Biomass used for energy, whether it is extracted from forest residues or agricultural waste, contributes in many areas, such as power production, the construction industry, and also as a major source of different organic and inorganic compounds in the petrochemical industry. In recent years, research has identified a very remarkable use of agricultural waste, especially rice husks, as a microwave absorber in a pyramidal shape. However, absorbers built in this shape are fragile and require a very high degree of care, especially near the access panels, doors, and high traffic areas of the anechoic facility. This paper presents the results of a detailed experimental investigation of a more-robust, new design that is based on the concept of impedance or dielectric grading of rice-husk material. The absorber was fabricated using multiple layers of rice-husk material with increasing dielectric loss along the incident wave propagation axis. This type of fabrication technique provides more robust design of the microwave, rice-husk absorber with less thickness, as compared to the geometricallytapered, pyramid, or wedge absorbers. Free-space transmission and radar cross section (RCS) methods have been used, to study the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) performance over the frequency range of 4–8 GHz. After the receiving equipment was calibrated by Received 20 July 2012, Accepted 23 August 2012, Scheduled 3 September 2012 * Corresponding author: Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal (mr.nadeemiqbal@gmail.com).

A compact size antenna with high gain enhancement for IEEE 802.15.3

This paper proposed a new antenna design for IEEE 802.15.3 applications. The presented antenna has a compact size of 40mm × 40mm where it can cover ultra-wideband (UWB) operating frequency, 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz. It consists of novel design radiating element and a partial ground plane. An extensive study has been made on the effect of the ground size towards the scattering parameter. Besides, a technique of gain enhancement is also been discussed. This design can be suitable for wideband cognitive radio spectrum sensing and UWB RADAR (Radio Define Ranging). The obtainable antenna performances illuminate the prospective of the presented antenna.

Development Of Pyramidal Microwave Absorber Using Sugar Cane Bagasse (SCB)

The need to flnd ways to efiectively utilize the large quantities of agricultural waste that are produced is indicative of the huge potential associated with producing an alternative pyramidal microwave absorber for anechoic chamber-testing applications. We propose the development of a pyramidal microwave absorber that can use sugar cane bagasse (SCB), a byproduct from the production and processing of sugar cane, as the absorbent. In this paper, we report the results of our use of dielectric probe measurement to determine the dielectric constant and loss tangent of SCB. These values were used to model and simulate an SCB pyramidal microwave absorber in Computer Simulation Technologys (CSTs) Microwave Studio. This absorber was operated in the microwave frequency range between 0.1GHz and 20.0GHz.

Electronic energy meter with remote monitoring and billing system

Electronic energy meter is capable of taking readings and can store it into its memory. Taking energy meter reading is time consuming and an expensive task. The meter reader travels for a long distance and take the reading manually to prepare the bill. Consumers have to go to the billing office, stand in a long line and submit the bill. This is a boring job and time consuming also. It can be avoided by remote monitoring of electronic energy meter and prepaid billing system by the use of cash card. In this paper measurement of energy, remote monitoring, preparing of bill and billing system is presented. Low cost ATMEGA8L microcontroller is used here to control the whole system. Sampling of voltage and current is done by it. Then it processes data to achieve power in that instant. Then it stores the value of total energy consumed by the consumer and can calculate energy charge according to the tariff. LCD display is attached with this system to show total energy consumed, power factor and amount of charge etc. Communication between central energy distribution office and energy meter is done through power line. Complex tariff rate set up and cash card based billing is possible in this system. Electronic meter gives high accuracy for nonlinear loads than conventional rotating disc type electro-mechanical meter. Greater accuracy and stability can be maintained in this system.

A Study of the Anechoic Performance of Rice Husk-Based, Geometrically Tapered, Hollow Absorbers

Although solid, geometrically tapered microwave absorbers are preferred due to their better performance, they are bulky and must have a thickness on the order of λ or more. The goal of this study was to design lightweight absorbers that can reduce the electromagnetic reflections to less than −10 dB. We used a very simple approach; two waste materials, that is, rice husks and tire dust in powder form, were used to fabricate two independent samples. We measured and used their dielectric properties to determine and compare the propagation constants and quarter-wave thickness. The quarter-wave thickness for the tire dust was 3 mm less than that of the rice husk material, but we preferred the rice-husk material. This preference was based on the fact that our goal was to achieve minimum backward reflections, and the rice-husk material, with its low dielectric constant, high loss factor, large attenuation per unit length, and ease of fabrication, provided a better opportunity to achieve that goal. The performance of the absorbers was found to be better (lower) than −20 dB, and comparison of the results proved that the hollow design with 58% less weight was a good alternative to the use of solid absorbers.

Conductive E-textile analysis of 1.575 GHz rectangular antenna with H-slot for GPS application

Conductive E-textile analysis of a rectangular antenna with H-slot is proposed. This research focuses on the optimal value of gain and return loss (S11) with 3 types of E-textile as radiating elements. The H-slot functions are tuning and capable to suppress the back lobe direction. The proposed antenna design used 3 type of E-textile (Zelt, Pure Copper Taffeta Fabric and Shieldit Super). All of the antennas have similar full ground plane made from copper foil tape with thickness of 0.035 mm. As a result, the studies have significantly achieved optimum gain and return loss (S11) of 7.7 dB and -17.6 dB respectively. The proposed antenna has big potential to be implemented on smart clothes for GPS application.