Mohd Jamil Aizat Jamaluddin

Case Study: Recombinant Bromelain Cloning, Characterization and Upstream Processes

This chapter presents the recombinant stem bromelain cloning procedure followed by its characterization and finally upstream processing. Most of the procedures had patents filed in Malaysia, Europe and the United State of America with application numbers PI 20095434, 10015711.4, and 12968766, respectively. Portions of the experimental procedures were also presented in our publication (Amid et al., Process Biochem 46:2232–2239, 2011). The entire cloning process, characterization and the upstream processing of the recombinant bromelain production are briefly explained.

Common Laboratory Procedure

This chapter presents all common laboratory procedures or protocols that researchers normally perform during studies of recombinant enzyme production. The principle and theory behind each experiment is presented to help the reader understand each step that is conducted in an experiment so the reader will be able to select and modify the procedures according to the type of enzyme they are working with. Examples of procedures and the results obtained during recombinant bromelain production are used to develop readers’ understanding.

Economic and Environmental Evaluation of Recombinant Enzyme Production

Economic and environmental evaluation on three different throughputs and comparison between these throughputs were presented. Comparisons are based on simulation of 10, 100 and 1000 kg/batch of recBromelain using SuperPro Designer v8.5. The economic analysis shows that 100 kg/batch gives the most competitive price and maintaining a sizeable profit gross margin of 28.21 %. A positive ROI of 18.41 % and minimal payback time of 5.43 years is predicted from 100 kg/batch of production. Environment analysis showed that total waste and energy consumption increased as production size increased. This simulation information will assist to predict the cost and environment impact at different size of productions.