Mohd Nor Husain

Investigation of dual and triple meander slot to microstrip patch antenna

A dual and triple microstrip meander slot antenna is presented for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) application. The antenna also has the potential to be used as the receiving antenna in an energy harvesting system. The proposed antenna comprises a rectangular microstrip patch element embedded with meander slots. The parametric study is performed to investigate the characteristic of microstrip patch antenna with double meandered slots compared to the same microstrip patch antenna with triple meandered slots. Microstrip patch antenna with dual meander slot can achieve return loss until -24.54dB. However the gain of the antenna, 1.46 dBi is lower than microstrip patch antenna with triple meander slot which is 4.28 dBi. Other antenna parameters are also investigated such as bandwidth, radiation patterns and directivity have been observed and simulated. Measurement results are also recorded in this paper.

Dual-band monopole antenna for energy harvesting system

A planar dual-band monopole antenna is presented for Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) band applications, which also have the potential to be used for energy harvesting system. The proposed antenna comprises of a ground plane at the back of the FR4 substrate and three microstrip lines which are physically connected with each other at the top surface of the substrate. The monopole antenna achieves good return loss at resonance frequencies of 915 MHz and 1800 MHz with a bandwidth value of 124.2 MHz and 196.9 MHz respectively. The antenna gains of 1.97 dB and 3.05 dB are achieved at resonance frequencies of 900 MHz and 1800 MHz. Experimental results show good agreement with simulated performance. The output from the receiving antenna is also observed in order to analyze the relationship of the power level and the distance between transmitting and receiving antenna. This study is an early investigation in designing the RF energy harvesting system to support green technology and sustainable development particularly for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) applications.

The study of meander line for microstrip and planar design

In this paper, the meander line antenna (MLA) have been designed to operate at 2.4-GHz for WLAN application. Two different designs of meander line antenna are investigated, without conductor line and with conductor line. Microwave Office software is used for simulation designed process. The antenna is fabricated on a double-sided FR-4 printed circuit board using an etching technique. Then the design has been tested with the Advantest Network Analyzer. The comparison between simulation and measurement results for the return loss and radiation patterns were presented. A bandwidth of 80 MHz and return loss of -37.7 dB were obtained at frequency 2.4 GHz. The gain is comparable to microstrip yagi antenna.

A survey on human behavior towards energy efficiency for office worker in malaysia

Green environment has become an important topic around the world. This campaign can be realized if everybody understands and shares similar objectives on managing energy in an efficient way. This paper will present and analyse the survey on energy usage by office workers in Malaysia. The survey will focus on the workers in government sector. In social science surveys, it is important to support the tested data for a project. For issues related to human behaviour we must compare with real situations to verify the tested data and the results in energy monitoring system. The energy monitoring system will improve energy usage efficiency for the basic human activities in different situations and environments.

A parametric study on dual-band meander line monopole antenna for RF energy harvesting

This paper studies the dual-band monopole antenna based on meander line structure for Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) band applications, which is also has the potential to be used for RF energy harvesting. A meander line antenna with a conductor line is investigated during the design using the Computer Simulation Tool (CST) software. The antenna is fabricated on a double-sided FR-4 printed circuit board using an etching technique. The comparison between simulation and measurement results for the return loss and radiation patterns are observed and are in good agreement. A bandwidth of 97 MHz and return loss of -19.29 dB is obtained at the first frequency band, i,e. 915 MHz, while a bandwidth of 46.2 MHz with a return loss of -16.27 dB are obtained at the second frequency band, i.e. 1800 MHz. This study is an early investigation in designing the RF energy harvesting to support green technology and sustainable development particularly for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) as well as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) applications.

The effect of the carbon to the S 11 measurement on the pyramidal microwave absorbers

The purpose of this work is to determine the absorption effect by using carbon as absorbing material. It will be used in anechoic chamber in order to avoid reflections that occur on the wall of the chamber. From polystyrene, the absorbers are cut into pyramidal shaped. The pyramidal shaped is chosen because it could meet the specified industrial standards which can work well at wide range of microwave frequency. To verify the performance of the absorber, a measurement is conducted to determine the absorption rate in frequency range 1 to 10 GHz. The absorber also compared to commercial absorber. The results shows carbon is a good material to absorb the microwave energy. The absorber that has been developed is a low cost with reliable performance.

Physical and MAC Cross Layer Design for Wireless Mesh Networks

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are an alternative technology for last-mile broadband Internet access that can support broadband services. However, for a WMN to be all it can be, considerable research efforts are still needed. For example, the available MAC and routing protocols are not scalable; throughput drops significantly as the number of nodes or hops in WMNs increases. Thus, existing protocols need to be enhanced or re-invented for WMNs. When advanced physical layer techniques, used, novel MAC protocols, especially multi-channel MAC, need to be proposed to utilize the agility provided by the physical layer. This paper presents an introduction to wireless mesh networks, IEEE 802.11, physical layer and Medium Access Control (MAC) cross layer design.

The Cascode and Cascaded Techniques LNA at 5.8GHz Using T-Matching Network for WiMAX Applications

This project presents the cascode and cascaded techniques LNA at 5.8GHz using T-matching network applicable for WIMAX application. The amplifier uses FHX76LP Low Noise SuperHEMT FET. The LNA designed used T-matching network consisting of lump element reactive element at the input and the output terminal. The cascode and cascaded low noise amplifier (LNA) produced gain of 52.4dB and noise figure (NF) of 1.3dB. The input reflection (S11) and output return loss (S22) are -19.71dB and -10.07dB respectively. The bandwidth of the amplifier is more than 1.24GHz. The input sensitivity is compliant with the IEEE 802.16 standards.

Simulation of single stage cascode low noise amplifier at 5.8GHz using t-matching network

This paper presents a 5.8 GHz single stage cascode low noise amplifier using T-matching techniques for IEEE 802.16 standard. The amplifier use FHX76LP Low Noise SuperHEMT FET. The design simulation process is using Advance Design System (ADS) software. The cascode low noise amplifier (LNA) produced gain of 17.21dB and noise figure (NF) at 0.845dB. The input reflection (S11) and output return loss (S22) are −12.71dB and −15.52dB respectively. The bandwidth of the amplifier is 1GHz. The input sensitivity is complying with the IEEE 802.16 standards.

Low Noise, High Gain LNA at 5.8GHz with Cascode and Cascaded Techniques Using T-Matching Network for Wireless Applications

This project presents a design of low noise, high gain LNA a 5.8 GHz with cascode and cascaded techniques using T-matching network is applicable for IEEE 802.16 standard. The amplifier use FHX76LP Low Noise SuperHEMT FET. The LNA designed used T-matching network consisting of lump element reactive element at the input and the output terminal. The cascode and cascaded low noise amplifier (LNA) produced gain of 36.8dB and noise figure (NF) at 1.3dB. The input reflection (S11) and output return loss (S22) are -11.4dB and -12.3dB respectively. The bandwidth of the amplifier is more than 1GHz. The input sensitivity is compliant with the IEEE 802.16 standards.