Mohd. Rihan

Design of linear quadratic regulator for rotary inverted pendulum using LabVIEW

The Rotary Inverted Pendulum (RIP) is highly nonlinear, multivariable and unstable system. The design of controller for such a system is a challenging task. The main objective of this paper is to design a controller which balances the pendulum in the vertically upright position in spite of small disturbances using optimization based Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) technique. Here the system response is observed for different values of positive semi definite weighing matrix and also tested for upright mode of the pendulum. Finally, the experimental and LabVIEW based simulation results for arm and pendulum response are described.

Simulation of Phasor Measurement Unit for Research and Teaching Applications

The dynamic behavior of the modern power system requires accurate monitoring of certain important parameters such as bus voltage, frequency, phase angle, rate of change of frequency. With the advent of PMU, precise measurement of these parameters can be achieved. This paper is an attempt to develop a simple simulator to provide a basic idea about PMU working and algorithms involved in its phasor estimation. PMU simulator is being developed, and its performance under different test conditions is observed. This paper discusses the basic design and algorithm used in phasor measurement unit (PMU). Estimation of the rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) is also made with precision. The average filter is implemented, and its effectiveness to die out the second harmonics is revealed introduced by the complex gains. It is expected that the work will be helpful for teaching the PMU concept at advance level as well as initiating the researches in this area.

GIS aided PMU placement for dynamic state measurement in power grid: A case study

Phasor measurement units can play a significant role in the development of a smart grid by making the power grid more aware of its operating states. Judiciously deployed PMUs in the power grid can convert the non-linear iterative state estimation into linear state measurement opening multitudes of possibilities for monitoring the power grid. A number of techniques/algorithms have been reported in the literature for determining the optimal number of PMUs to make a power grid observable. However communication between different PMUs installed in the grid as well as with the control center is a crucial aspect for implementing such system successfully. In this paper an algorithm which utilizes GIS for making better decision for PMU placement, ensuring communication feasibility, has been applied on a section of Indian power grid to determine the buses at which PMUs should be placed as well as the optimal location for placement of main transmitter/receiver antenna.

Optimal placement of phasor measurement units considering communication unavailability

Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) are being employed in power system to achieve better monitoring and control of power grid. Due to their high cost, PMUs are placed at some strategic locations. However, while upgrading a power system monitoring structure, engineers may face problem of no communication facility at a bus. PMUs need a sound communication structure so that it can perform time-synchronized measurements by communicating with the GPS Satellites. This paper presents an optimal placement algorithm of Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) placement approach in a system where communication facility is limited. IEEE 14 bus system was selected and existing optimal PMU placement algorithms are modified considering the presence of power flow and power injection measurements.