Mohd Yussni Hashim

Modelling Analysis on Mechanical Damage of Kenaf Reinforced Composite Plates under Oblique Impact Loadings

This research focuses on the study of oblique impact on kenaf reinforced composite plate. This study summarizes modeling analysis of targets subjected to certain angle of collisions which ranging from 0o-45o. Due to the low density, natural fiber such as kenaf fiber provides relatively good mechanical properties than glass fiber. Thus, natural fibers have high potential for better reinforcement in light weight structures such as aircraft, automobile. In this research, the velocity impact analysis is conducted by using the commercial finite element analysis software, ANSYS. A few finite element models of the nonwoven composite panel and a rigid impactor is developed using ANSYS software. Experimental investigations in determining mechanical properties and validating purposes are conducted in earlier study by using Universal Testing Machine and High Speed Impact Puncher. Total force, total energy, deformation, and energy absorption of kenaf reinforced composite for oblique impact are analyzed and discussed. The rise of oblique angle will increase the energy absorption of the composite.

Mercerization Treatment Conditions Effects on Kenaf Fiber Bundles Mean Diameter Variability

The interest in utilizing natural fiber as reinforce in polymer composites has increased in recent years due to their advantages like availability, cheap, renewable, lightweight, and biodegradable. However, the main challenge of natural fiber to be used as reinforcement in polymer is their hydrophobic nature. One of the solutions is via chemical modification like mercerization treatment. In this study, the effect of alkali concentrations at 2 and 10 w/v %; and soaking temperature at 30°C and 80°C on a kenaf fiber bundles mean diameter was investigated. Untreated kenaf fiber was used as a control unit. Kenaf fiber diameter was measured using a Leica video analyzer. Microstructure change of kenaf fiber before and after mercerization treatment conditions was identified using JOEL scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finally, an interaction of alkali treatment conditions on kenaf fiber bundles mean diameter value was statistically analyzed using a commercially available statistical software package. The results showed that kenaf fiber bundle mean diameter was reduced by 30.12% to 42.92% after mercerization treatment. From analysis of variance, the main effect of alkali concentration value was 6.075 and the temperature value was 1.135. The main effect plots reveal that alkali concentration had a higher impact on mean diameter changes compared to soaking temperature factor.

The effect of alkali treatment under various conditions on physical properties of kenaf fiber

Alkali treatment was known as one commonly used treatment for natural fiber and obtained a good fiber matrix adhesion, thermal and mechanical properties of composite. This paper reports the effect of alkali treatment conditions on the physical properties of kenaf fiber such as density, weight loss, diameter, cross sectional and fiber morphology. In this study, kenaf fiber were treated under various conditions alkali concentration at 2, 6 and 10 (w/v%), immersion duration at 30, 240 and 480 minute and immersion temperature at 27, 60 and 100°C. The effects of alkali treatment on kenaf fiber physical properties under various conditions were explored. Alkali treatment conditions setting have an impact on kenaf bast fiber physical characteristics. In kenaf fiber density, it was found that a small increase of kenaf density value after alkali treatment compared to untreated kenaf fiber. When each of alkali treatment parameters increased, kenaf fiber density also increased slightly. Kenaf fiber weight loss also exhibit a similar pattern of small increment with the increase of treatment parameters. Additionally, kenaf fiber diameter and cross sectional area show a decline pattern after treated with alkali. Furthermore, this decline pattern was corresponding with the increasing level of alkali treatment parameters. The maximum of kenaf diameter reduction was recorded at high level of each alkali treatment parameters.

GREEN DENSITY OPTIMISATION WITH SUSTAINABLE SEWAGE FAT AS BINDER COMPONENTS IN SS316L FEEDSTOCK OF METAL INJECTION MOULDING PROCESS (MIM) BY TAGUCHI METHOD

Metal injection moulding has gain much attention due to flexibility and high productivity of the plastics injection moulding with the powder metallurgy method of sintering. In order to gain better shape retention, optimum density of green part is required. This paper deals with the application of Taguchi optimisation technique on getting the optimum density for Metal Injection Moulding (MIM) components base on certain parameters in process injection. For this purposes only 3 process parameters were considered here including its interactions which are injection pressure, injection temperature and mould temperature. Since its more close to the final products these parameters were selected and other parameters will be kept constant. An orthogonal array of L16 experimental base design was conducted. Confirmation test will be done base on Signal-to-Noise (S/N) ratio and it Means.

Impact of alkali treatment conditions on kenaf fiber polyester composite tensile strength

The increase of environmental issues awareness has accelerated the utilization of renewable resources like plant fiber to be used as reinforced material in polymer composite. However, there are significant problems of compatibility between the fiber and the matrix due to weakness in the interfacial adhesion of the natural fiber with the synthetic matrices. One of the solutions to overcome this problem is using chemical modification like alkali treatment. In this study, the impact of alkali treatment conditions on short randomly oriented kenaf fiber reinforced polyester matrix composite tensile strength was investigated. The experimental design setting was based on 2 level factorial experiments. Two parameters were selected during alkali treatment process which are kenaf fiber immersion duration (at 30 minute and 480 minute) and alkali solution temperature (at 40°C and 80°C). Alkali concentration was fixed at 2% (w/v) and the kenaf polyester volume fraction ratio was 10:90. The composite specimens were tested to determine the tensile properties according to ASTM D638-10 Type I. JOEL scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the microstructure of the material. The result showed that alkali treatment conditions setting do have the impact on tensile strength of short randomly oriented kenaf polyester composite. The interaction factors between immersion time and temperature was found to have prominent factors to the tensile strength of composite followed by the immersion time factor.

Design sensitivity analysis of squeeze casting process

Optimisation studies have explored the application of a number of strategies. These include principally gradient methods and genetic algorithms. The former require the calculation of gradients that link design parameters with system response and combined with optimisation routines, they are used to find the best design according to a specified objective function and design variable constraints. Although they require gradient calculation, they are less computationally demanding, but are restricted in their search field. Gradient-based optimisation is one of the most popular strategies in tackling optimisation in engineering design problems.