Mojgan Hosseini

MTHFR polymorphisms and breast cancer risk

Introduction Two functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, C677T and A1298C, lead to decreased enzyme activity and affect chemosensitivity of tumour cells. Material and methods We evaluated these two common polymorphisms and breast cancer risk association in an Iranian sporadic breast cancer population-based case-control study of 294 breast cancer cases and 306 controls using a PCR-RFLP-based assay. Results Analyses of affected and controls show that homozygote genotype MTHFR 677CC has the highest frequency in both groups (28.3% in patients and 25.3% in control group). Genotype MTHFR 677CT and genotype MTHFR 1298AC were found to be statistically significant risk factors in our population (odds ratio: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.019-2.513, p = 0.041; and odds ratio: 2.575, 95% CI: 1.590-4.158, p = 0.001 respectively). Conclusions We can conclude based on the results of our study that a significant association between breast cancer and C677T and A1298C polymorphism might exist.

Degradation of macrolide antibiotics via sono or photo coupled with Fenton methods in the presence of ZnS quantum dots decorated SnO2 nanosheets

The ZnS quantum dots decorated SnO2 nanosheets were prepared by a hydrothermal synthesis method. The characteristic structure of ZnS QDs/SnO2 nanocomposites was analyzed using several instruments such as X-ray diffraction, transmittance electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron and UV-vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The average diameters of SnO2 nanosheets and ZnS QDs/SnO2 nanocomposites were 12.5 and 3.6 nm, respectively. The merits of sono-photo-Fenton treatment process were investigated using degradation of Roxithromycin. The process involved ultrasound and UV irradiation, and hydrogen peroxide generated in situ. The treatment performance of the US/UV/catalyst process was superior to the constituent processes and synergistic mechanisms in the US/UV/catalyst process were the result of the promotion of hydroxyl radical generation. For the constituent processes, the US/catalyst system showed to the best efficiency with used catalyst compared to the conventional Fenton reaction. It was also observed that the addition of catalyst to the test solution undergoing UV irradiation substantially improved Roxithromycin and clarithromycin degradation. The best experimental conditions for efficient CLA and RXM degradation in the US/UV/catalyst/H2O2 system were pH0 3, hydrogen peroxide concentration of 6 mmol L-1, ZnS QDs/SnO2 nanocomposites dose of 0.3 g L-1 and ultrasonic power of 75 W. The antibacterial experiment was investigated under visible light illumination and the ZnS QDs/SnO2 nanocomposite showed good efficiency as antibacterial.

Preparation and characterization of MnS2/chitosan‑sodium alginate and calcium alginate nanocomposites for degradation of analgesic drug: Photocorrosion, mechanical, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties studies

MnS2, MnS2/Chitosan‑sodium Alginate (MnS2/CS-NaAlg) and MnS2/Chitosan-Calcium Alginate (MnS2/CS-CaAlg) nanocomposites were prepared via the chemical procedure. The characterization was performed by various instruments such as energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) elemental map analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area measurements, UV-Vis absorption spectra and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The mean crystallite sizes of MnS2, MnS2/CS-NaAlg and MnS2/CS-CaAlg are 60.12, 71.25 and 74.54 nm, respectively. From Kubelka-Munk equation, the energy band gaps of MnS2, MnS2/CS-NaAlg and MnS2/CS-CaAlg are estimated to be 2.83, 2.71 and 2.41 eV, respectively. The investigation of photocatalysis properties was performed by degradation of tramadol under UV light illumination. The optimum of experimental variables such as pH and time on photo-degradation were found 3 and 60 min, respectively. The results show that the efficiency photocatalysis of MnS2/CS-NaAlg and MnS2/CS-CaAlg nanocomposites under was higher than MnS2. The antibacterial and fungicidal property of MnS2/CS-NaAlg and MnS2/CS-CaAlg nanocomposites was investigated and demonstrates good efficiency in antimicrobial efficiency compared to MnS2. The MnS2, MnS2/CS-NaAlg and MnS2/CS-CaAlg have been shown excellent mechanical and antioxidant properties.

Synthesis and characterization of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch as a heterojunction catalyst for photo-degradation of toxic herbicide compound: Optical, photo-reusable, antibacterial and antifungal performances

Heterostructured Sb2S3-CeO2 composites and Sb2S3-CeO2 on chitosan-starch nanocomposites have been provided with chemical manner. The characterization was performed by various instruments such as, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The mean crystallite sizes of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are 25.12, 51.11 and 64.12 nm, respectively. The energy band gaps of CeO2, Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch are appraised to be 3.01, 2.41, and 2.23 eV, respectively. Photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared products for degradation of Paraquat as a toxic organic compound are investigated under UV light irradiation at room temperature. The Sb2S3-CeO2 and Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch exhibited high photocatalytic performance. Moreover, the possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation for Paraquat was proposed. The photocatalyst as hydroxide form existing in the product provides more OH during the degradation process, as well as influences the band gap of the product due to present the electron-hole pairs. The optimum effects such as time and pH were obtained 7 and 30 min for photo-degradation process. The antibacterial and fungicidal property of Sb2S3-CeO2/chitosan-starch nanocomposites was investigated and demonstrates good efficiency in antimicrobial efficiency compared to CeO2, and Sb2S3-CeO2.

Neurodegenerative, with expression ATF-2 by P38 in cortical neurons

Abstract DNA damage, as an important initiator of neuronal cell death, has been implicated in numerous neurodegenerative conditions. We previously delineated several pathways that control embryonic cortical neuronal cell death evoked by the DNA-damaging agent, camptothecin. The topisomerase-1 inhibitor, camptothecin, has been shown to induce cortical neuronal cell death in a reproducible and synchronistic manner. Primary embryonic neuronal cell culture cortical neurons were prepared. In the study, the survival % of neurons in camptothecin P38 group, after 6 hours (85%), 24 hours (64%) and 48 hours (50%), compared to camptothecin ATF-2 and P38 group after 4 hours (97 and 95%), have been significantly lower, and the expression % of neurons in camptothecin P38 group , after 6 hours (20%), 24 hours (40%) and 48 hours (55%), compared to camptothecin ATF-2 and P38 group after 4 hours (5 and 3%) have been significant lower (p<0·05). The expression % of neurons in camptothecin P38 group, after 24 hours (40%), compared to camptothecin ATF-2 group after 24hours (30%), have been significant lower (p<0·05). This study revealed that camptothecin induces P38 expression and P38 in embryonic cortical neurons to determine the importance of the P38 pathway in neuronal death following DNA damage, and P38 is induce phosphorylation of ATF-2 in embryonic cortical neurons following DNA damage.

The Effectiveness of MBSR Intervention in Alleviating Pain During Detoxification among Substance Abusers: An Experimental Study

To examine the effectiveness of a 7-weeks neurofeedback training programme to improve increased range of alpha band and abnormal anxiety in patients with panic disorder. Randomized controlled trial, conducted at a psychiatric clinic in Iranian Population. Participants were randomly assigned to a neurofeedback training (n = 10) and a control group (n = 8). The neurofeedback group received a 20-session training to improve abnormal anxiety, but the control group received only routine care with no neurofeedback. Using a two-way ANOVA, the changes in mean abnormal anxiety were significantly higher in the neurofeedback group than in the control group. Furthermore, the changes in mean increased range of alpha band were significantly higher in the neurofeedback group than in the control group. An intervention involving neurofeedback significantly improved abnormal anxiety in crowded places and public places.

A theoretical study of adsorption of tyrosol derivatives as antioxidant drugs on the boron nitride (BN)-nanotube (9, 0) surface

ABSTRACT The delivery of tyrosol by BN-nanotube was investigated by density functional theory in the gas phase. The antioxidant activity of tyrosol was investigated in the gas phase and water. The effects of NHMe, OMe, and tert-butyl substituents on the antioxidant activity and delivery of tyrosol were investigated. Results showed that BN-nanotube interacted with tyrosols effectively and adsorption of tyrosol derivatives on BN-nanotube were exothermic and possible from the energetic viewpoint. Also, replacement of the NHMe group at the x position of tyrosol was suitable scheme the sensitivity of tyrosol toward BN-nanotube surface. The NHMe and OMe substitutions decreased the BDE and IP values and increased the antioxidant activity of tyrosol. The BDE an IP values of tyrosols have linear dependencies with Ead values of tyrosols. These linear dependencies proposed the novel tyrosol derivatives with high level of antioxidant activity.