Moon-Jib Kim

2,6-Di­phenyl-3-iso­propyl­piperidin-4-one

In the title compound, the two phenyl rings are oriented at an angle of 63.4 (1)° with respect to each other. The 4-piperidone ring adopts a slightly distorted chair conformation. Molecules are packed through N—H⋯O hydrogen bond and van der Waals interactions.

4-Methoxy-3-methyl-4'-nitrostilbene, C16H15NO3

The molecule is planar to within 0.2 A with a C(4)−C(7)−C(8)-C(9) torsion angle of − 179 (2)°. The charge-transfer axis lies along the line joining the N atom at one end of the molecule to the 0 atom at the other. The final crystal structure is the result of complicated interplay between the short-range van der Waals interactions and the long-range dipoledipole interactions, making the crystal highly polarized

Crystal and Molecular Structure of 3,3,6,6 ‐ tetramethyl ‐ 10 ‐(2‐ hydroxybenzoylamino) ‐3,4,6,7,9,10‐hexahydroacridine ‐ 1,8 ‐ dione

The crystal structure of the title compound (C 24 H 28 N 2 O 4 ) was determined from X-ray diffraction data using direct methods [CCDC No. 154342]. It crystallized in the non-centrosymmetric orthorhombic space group P2 1 2 1 2 1 . The unit cell parameters are : a = 9.351(2), b = 14.191(3), c = 17.051(2)A, α = β = γ = 90°; Z = 4. The final R factor is 0.054. The central pyridine ring is nearly planar while the outer rings adopt sofa/half chair conformation. Alternate acridine molecules are stacked in an almost parallel manner. The results are compared with those obtained for previously studied two benzoylaminoacridinedione derivatives.

Spiro­[2-carbo­methoxy-5-(4-methoxy­phenyl)-3-phenyl­pyrrolidine-4,3′-chroman-4′-one]

In the title compound, C27H25NO5, the pyran ring in the chroman-4-one moiety adopts a sofa conformation and the pyrrolidine ring adopts a twisted or half-chair conformation. The chromanone moiety makes a dihedral angle of 64.3 (1)° with the mean plane passing through the pyrrolidine ring. In the crystal structure, the molecular packing is stabilized by C—H⋯O intermolecular interactions.

Three tetrahydroisoquinolinedione derivatives.

N-(2-Chlorobenzyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-1,3-dione, C(16)H(12)ClNO(2), crystallizes in P2(1)/n with three crystallographically independent molecules in the asymmetric unit, which differ slightly in conformation, N-(2-bromo-4-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-1,3-dione, C(16)H(12)BrNO(2), crystallizes in P2(1)/n with one molecule in the asymmetric unit and N-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-1,3-dione, C(15)H(9)Cl(2)NO(2), crystallizes in P2(1)/c with one molecule in the asymmetric unit. In all three structures, the heterocyclic rings adopt approximately planar conformations. The pyridine rings are orthogonal to the substituted phenyl rings. In all three structures, the crystal packing is stabilized by intermolecular C-H...O hydrogen bonds.

The asymmetric unit of X-ray intensity data of the seven crystal systems

A crystal structure can be determined from the X-ray intensity data of one asymmetric unit. As the function l(hkl) of the X-ray intensity has a center of symmetry if it is assumed that anomalous scattering is negligible, l(hkl) has the symmetry of a centrosymmetric point group, i.e. a Laue group. The asymmetric units of the intensity data are derived here for all Laue groups.

Trimethyl[3-methyl-1-(o-tolenesulfonyl)indol-2-ylmethyl]ammonium iodide and benzyl[3-bromo-1-(phenylsulfonyl)indol-2-ylmethyl]tolylamine.

The title compounds, C(20)H(25)N(2)O(2)S(+).I(-), (I), and C(29)H(25)BrN(2)O(2)S, (II), respectively, both crystallize in space group P-1. The pyrrole ring subtends an angle with the sulfonyl group of 33.6 degrees in (I) and 21.5 degrees in (II). The phenyl ring of the sulfonyl substituent makes a dihedral angle with the best plane of the indole moiety of 81.6 degrees in (I) and 67.2 degrees in (II). The lengthening or shortening of the C-N bond distances in both compounds is due to the electron-withdrawing character of the phenylsulfonyl group. The S atoms are in distorted tetrahedral configurations. The molecular structures are stabilized by C-H.O and C-H.I interactions in (I), and by C-H.O and C-H.N interactions in (II).

Effects of Sleep Deprivation on the Sedation of Pediatric Patients Undergoing MRI Examinations

ABSTRACT Sedation is an essential factor for pediatric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedure. A long-term failure of sedation has a detrimental effect on a 1 day test plan. Given this background, this study examined the effects of sedation using a sleep deprivation method in pediatric patients scheduled to undergo an MRI examination. The current study examined 54 patients (36 boys and 18 girls) with diseases, such as epilepsy, brain tumor, development delay, mental retardation, and cerebral infarction, who were treated at our medical institution from December 2009 to March 2010. The patients were classified into two groups: group A (n = 27) with sleep deprivation, and group B (n = 27) without sleep deprivation. The mean age of these patients was 4.2 years. Comparative analysis of groups A and B was performed to assess the success rate of pediatric sedation, the time elapsed until complete sedation had been achieved, and the frequency at which patients took Pocral syrup (chloral hydrate). In group A, patients were allowed to start sleep 1 hr later and were woken 1 hr earlier than their mean sleep time. According to this pretreatment, the rate of successful sedation, frequency of the administration of Pocral syrup, and the time elapsed until deep sedation had been achieved were measured. In group A, the rate of successful sedation was 100%, the mean time elapsed until deep sedation had been achieved was 23 min, and the mean frequency of Pocral syrup administration was 1.2 times. In addition, the proportions of patients who had achieved successful sedation after one-time use and two-time use of Pocral syrup were 77.8% and 22.2%, respectively. In group B, successful sedation was achieved in 89%, and the mean time elapsed until deep sedation was 39 min. The mean frequency of Pocral syrup administration was 1.5 times. The proportions of patients who had achieved successful sedation after one-time use and two-time use of Pocral syrup were 51.9% and 48.12%, respectively. The statistical significance was tested using a nonparametric analysis, Mann–Whitney U Test (p < 0.05). Other studies have reported that sleep deprivation had no significant effects. An actual comparison of the sleep-deprived and other patients showed that sleep deprivation affected the rate of successful sedation, the frequency of Pocral syrup administration, and the time elapsed until the patients were sedated. The rate of successful sedation was significantly higher in group A than in group B. The time elapsed until deep sedation had been achieved was also significantly shorter in group A than in group B. In addition, the frequency of Pocral syrup administration (administration dose) was significantly lower in group A than in group B. In conclusion, sleep deprivation increases the effectiveness of pediatric sedation in an MRI examination of pediatric patients and might assist in performing an MRI examination more efficiently in pediatric patients.

10-[2-(4-Hydro­xy­phenyl)­ethyl]-3,3,6,6,9-penta­methyl-3,4,6,7,9,10-hexa­hydroacridine-1,8(2H,5H)-dione

The central dihydropyridine ring in the title compound, C26H33NO3, adopts a boat conformation, while the outer rings adopt sofa conformations. The packing is stabilized by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

25,27-(6-Tosyl-3,9-dioxa-6-azaundecane-1,11-diyldioxy)-26,28-(3,6, 9-trioxaundecane-1,11-diyldioxy)calix[4]arene.

A new calix[4]-crowned azacrown ether, C(51)H(59)NO(11)S, consisting of four phenyl rings in a 1,3-alternate conformation was synthesized from the reaction of 25, 27-bis(5-chloro-3-oxapentyloxy)calix[4]crown-5 and p-toluenesulfonamide in the presence of Cs(2)CO(3). A crown-5 loop was attached on the two facing lower rims of the calix[4]arene and the N-tosyl azacrown group was attached on the other set of lower rims of the calix[4]arene backbone. This molecule seems to offer an inside cavity for the formation of a host-guest complex.