Morrison G. Wong

The Education of White, Chinese, Filipino, and Japanese Students: A Look at “High School and Beyond”:

A frequent topic of scholarly interest and discussion in the field of education has been the extraordinary educational attainment of the Asian population in the United States. The “High School and Beyond” data set was used to examine in greater depth the educational characteristics of the Asian high school senior student population. Differences among white, Chinese, Filipino, and Japanese students in social and demographic characteristics, academic characteristics, extracurricular activities, and sociopsychological characteristics (i.e., educational perceptions, aspirations, expectations, and influences) were analyzed. Asian students had equivalent or higher educational achievements or were rated more favorably than white students on almost every measure. Regression analyses suggest that fathers plans for the child after high school, high school grades, the number of hours spent on homework, mothers plans for the child after high school, and socioeconomic status had a significant impact on the educational expectations of Asian and white students. Unresolved issues in the education of Asians in the United States are discussed.

Post-1965 Asian Immigrants: Where Do They Come From, Where Are They Now, and Where Are They Going?

During the past two decades, immigrants of Asian ancestry have been arriving to the United States in phenomenal numbers, currently constituting 43 percent of the total immigrant stream. Asian immigrants from the traditional sending countries of China—including Taiwan and Hong Kong—Japan, Korea, and the Philippines are well represented. Refugees-turned-immigrants from Vietnam, Kampuchea, and Laos, however, represent a new and significant proportion of the Asian immigrant stream. This article will present an overview of the extent and magnitude of Asian immigration to the United States since 1965. The demographic, social, and economic characteristics, as well as adjustment indicators, of these recent immigrants will be analyzed. Finally, policy implications of this influx of new Asian immigrants will be suggested.

Labor Force Participation and Socioeconomic Attainment of Asian-American Women

Based upon 1970 U.S. Census data and an ethnic stratification analytical framework, this study examines the socioeconomic roles of Asian-American women in the United States relative to Anglo women. In general, Asian-American women are more likely to participate in the labor force and to have above-average earnings. The earnings advantage of Asian women can be explained by their superior educational qualifications, greater levels of full-time work, and geographical location. In spite of their relatively favorable economic position, some Asian women, particularly recent immigrants, remain in the low wage sector of the economy.

A Look at Intermarriage among the Chinese in the United States in 1980

Unbeknownst to many, intermarriage among the Chinese—that is, marriages between Chinese and non–Chinese—and especially marriages between Chinese and whites, once considered taboo, is on the rise. Currently, 31.5% of all Chinese marriages involve non–Chinese. Moreover, 22% of all Chinese marriages involve white partners. Two major questions are addressed in this study: (1) What are the major patterns of Chinese intermarriage in the United States? and (2) What factors are involved in the prevalence of intermarriage among the Chinese? The 1980 U.S. Census Public Use Microdata Samples (PUMS) five percent A sample was used to answer these two questions. Patterns of Chinese intermarriage are discussed. The effects of general status, residence, socioeconomic status, and acculturation on Chinese intermarriage were examined.

Contemporary American Immigrants: Patterns of Filipino, Korean, and Chinese Settlement in the United States.

List of Tables Foreword Introduction I: Immigrants in the United States The Ebb and Flow of Immigration to the United States Sociodemographic Characteristics of U.S. Immigrants II: Asian Immigrants: Filipino, Korean, and Chinese The Philippines A Short History of Filipino Immigration to the United States Current Emigration Trends and Problems in the Philippines Social and Demographic Characteristics of Filipino Immigrants: 1980 Conclusions and Prospects for the Future Korea A Short History of Korean Immigration to the United States Current Emigration Trends and Problems in Korea Social and Demographic Characteristics of Korean Immigrants: 1980 Conclusions and Prospects for the Future China A Short History of Chinese Immigration to the United States Current Emigration Trends and Problems in China Social and Demographic Characteristics of Chinese Immigrants: 1980 Conclusions and Prospects for the Future III: Filipino, Korean, and Chinese Immigrants: 1980-1985 The Survey Sample Sociodemographic Characteristics Prior to Immigration Current Sociodemographic Characteristics in 1985 The United States in the Eyes of Immigrants: Likes and Dislikes Summary and Conclusions Notes Selected Bibliography Index About the Author

Economic Survival The Case of Asian-American Elderly

The 1976 Survey of Income and Education Public Use tapes have been used to elaborate and extend previous studies on the elderly Asians in the United States and to suggest implications for public policy regarding this group. An analysis of specific demographic, socioeconomic, and housing characteristics of the elderly Asian population (separately for the Chinese, Japanese, and Filipinos) in 1976 is reported. A sample of elderly Anglos has been used as a comparison group. More detailed and in depth analyses are reported on the sources, benefits, and amount of income or earnings received by the elderly Japanese, Chinese, and Filipino population in the United States in 1976. It is concluded that although the elderly of all ethnic groups are socially and economically disadvantaged compared to the general population, the Asian elderly, particularly the elderly Chinese and Filipinos, suffer greater disadvantages than the elderly Anglos. Policy recommendations are suggested.

Book Review: Immigration Research for a New Century: Multidisciplinary Perspectives. Edited by Nancy Foner, Ruben G. Rumbaut, and Steven J. Gold. Russell Sage Foundation, New York. 448 pp.

The United States has always been a nation of immigrants, some arriving earlier, some arriving later, but nonetheless, a nation of immigrants. Although the origins of the flows of recent immigrants have changed, immigration is still a vital process in the changing landscape of American society. Three decades ago, the Vietnamese, Hmong, Cambodians, and Laotians were unkown ethnic groups in the American society. Now, they are a vital part of the Asian American community and American society. We are currently seeing new immigrant groups entering the United States and new immigrant communities being established. In June of 1998, a conference sponsored by the Committee on International Migration of the Social Science Research Council brought together a group of select scholars who had been awarded predoctoral and postdoctoral research fellowships to present the results of their work on immigration. A product of this conference was the formation of the edited work, Immigration Research for a New Century: Multidisciplinary Perspectives. Although some of the papers have appeared in another journal publication, all the works have undergone substantial revisions. This book represents the cutting edge, the state of research on immigration to the United States in the twenty-first century and provides guideposts for those who wish to conduct immigration research. This book is divided into two sections. The first section includes an Introduction and three chapters. Written by more “established” researchers such as Nancy Foner, Ruben Rumbaut, Steven Gold, Mary Waters, George Sanchez, Aristide Zolberg, Josh DeWind, and Herbert Gans, it provide the reader with an overview of immigration to the United States and addresses the question of who are the immigration researchers. It also lays the foundation for the multidisciplinary approach of the book by discussing the unique approaches, themes, and contributions of sociology, anthropology, history, political science, and economics to immigration research. The second section consists of 17 chapters, the heart and meat of the book, written by a new generation of 19 scholars dealing with immigration and issues of the political economy, membership and the state, or with migration, economic incorporation, and the market, or with issues of ethnicity, race, gender, or community. It is these chapters that provide the reader with a sense of the depth, richness, and diversity of current and potentially future immigration research. The book is notable in five distinct ways. First, it provides the reader with a truly multidisciplinary approach to the study of immigration. As a sociologist, my research is usually conducted via the sociological lens, asking certain questions that seem to be of interest and relevance to my discipline. My guess is that other immigration scholars in other disciplines utilize a similar myopic lens. Reading the studies from other disciplines allows the reader to entertain new perspectives, explore new paradigms, and address new questions regarding this phenomenon that we call “immigration.” Forcing us to think outside the box, to move beyond assimilation and acculturation to look at other dynamics such as transnationalism and labor market incorporation, or democracy and political participation, we are better able to understand the complexity of this process. Second, this collection provides the reader with the state of immigration research by a younger generation of immigration scholars who are either immigrants themselves or the sons or daughters of immigrants. Their questions, focus, and methodological approaches not only provide fresh insights and novel interpretations into the present-day immigrants and the contemporary dynamics of the immigration process, but will continue to do so for many years to come. Third, the book provides the reader with the application of many different methodological approaches to study the problem of immigration—from the use of econometric analyses to participant observation to case studies to surveys and interviews

49.95. CLOTH. October 2000

The second part of the volume may give it a continuing usefulness long after the historiographical discussion has become updated. This contains accounts of the resources and research possibilities of various German archives by archivists and other scholars familiar with them. A model of the type is the discussion by Wolf-Heino Struck, who surveys the several state archives of present-day Hesse. He systematically outlines the various predecessor governments and the location of their records; the principal classes of materials concerning emigration and the way in which they are generated; research and publications based upon these sources; and suggestions for further investigations. There are similar discussions (not all as fully detailed) of archives in the Palatinate, Baden, Wiirttemberg, and Hamburg. There are also more general treatments of historical materials on Swiss and Austrian emigration. American immigrationscholars contemplating research in Germany will find these essays invaluable.