Morten Karnøe Søndergaard

Museums and culture-driven innovation in public–private consortia

Abstract Museums are increasingly required to demonstrate business creativity and innovatory zeal. Educational establishments, such as universities, face similar pressures. The need for both sectors to develop new tools and understandings to facilitate innovation presents difficulties analogous to those that the small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) face. However, institutional barriers currently restrict interaction between museums, universities, and SMEs. This article presents a joint venture model for culture-driven innovation in a public–private consortium that addresses these institutional barriers, and has proven successful in a Danish context.1 The model highlights salient issues in realizing the potential of culturally driven innovation through managing cross-sector collaboration that has relevance beyond this case study.

The Nordic Shrimp Industry: state entrepreneurship, intellectual and industrial structures, c. 1895–1950

This paper focuses on the emergence in the 20th century of a fishing industry based on northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) in Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Iceland. Development in these countries exhibited noteworthy common features that are examined and compared in this paper, which emphasizes the intellectual, political and industrial conditions that facilitated the expansion of the fishing fleets and processing industries. The diffusion of knowledge and technology was a necessary condition for the industrys establishment, both at a national and an inter-Nordic level. Central to these transfers of knowledge was the interaction between scientists and fisheries experts and fishermen and industrialists.

Sino-Danish brain circulation: scholarship, capacity and policy

China is faced with urgent needs to develop an economically and environmentally sustainable economy based on innovation and knowledge. Brain circulation and research and business investments from the outside are central for this development. Sino-American brain circulation and research and investment by overseas researchers and entrepreneurs are well described. In that case, the US is the centre of global R&D and S&T. However, the brain circulation and research and investments between a small open Scandinavian economy, such as Denmark, and the huge developing economy of China are not well understood. In this case, Denmark is very highly developed, but a satellite in the global R&D and S&T system. With time and the growth of China as a R&D and S&T power house, both Denmark and China will benefit from brain circulation between them. Such brain circulation is likely to play a key role in flows of knowledge, technology and investments between Denmark and China. This paper describes these activities and analys...

Bilateral trade and fisheries development: the Anglo-Danish Trade agreement, 1933

This article examines the fish trade between Denmark and Britain, focusing on the 1933 bilateral trade agreement. Britain was the main export market for Danish fish, achieving a significant market share. Import penetration exacerbated British concerns about competitiveness that had emerged during the 1920s. While British protectionism saw the introduction of tariffs and quotas, which nominally reduced Danish imports by 10%, the Danes accommodated restrictions through exporting semi-processed fish. This article details trends in fish imports from Denmark, examines the national positions in negotiating the trade agreement, and considers how each countrys fishing industry responded to its implementation. It draws two principal conclusions. First, that the significance of trade in the development of the interwar fisheries requires greater consideration in historical accounts. Second, that the Danish industry more effectively accommodated the new trade regime than the nominally protected British fishing industry.

Book Review: Fishing on Common Grounds: The Consequences of Unregulated Fisheries of North Sea Herring in the Postwar Period

looking tyrants, which is badly in need of refinement. While they were hardly benign, some of them succeeded for a remarkably long time in a risky business environment witness the bankruptcy of Charles Robin and Company in 1886. Reincarnated as Robin, Jones and Whitman in 1910 (not 1904, as stated here), it is today the second oldest business in Canada after the Hudsons Bay Company. Happily, Landry avoids other stereotypes, including a romantic view of fishermen, whom he depicts, first and foremost, as political animals adept at advancing their own interests. Ironically, in this and in their ability to endure, northeastern New Brunswicks Acadian fishermen appear to have had at least some things in common with their Anglo-Norman oppressors.

Transnational science guanxi: a necessary, but insufficient, condition for Sino-Danish flows of knowledge, talent and capital in genetics

Genetics is observed as a particularly active field of Sino-Danish science collaboration, brain circulation and funding. Explaining the level of activity of this scientific field is therefore valuable for understanding the conditions allowing such activity. This paper identifies Danish scientific excellence as a necessary, but insufficient, condition. This condition becomes sufficient together with another necessary, but insufficient, condition, which is Sino-Danish transnational science guanxi, or networks and acquaintanceship. This guanxi is based on the previous graduate studies of Chinese in Denmark, or brain circulation. The paper finds that brain circulation in the form of graduate students can have revolutionary long-term effects on Sino-Danish science collaboration and investments, exemplified in the location of Beijing Genomics Institute Europe in Copenhagen.

Motmakt og Samfunnsbygger: Med torsken og Norges Råfisklag gjennom 75 år [Counter-power and community builder: cod and the Norwegian fishermen's sales organization through 75 years]

usually carved up according to shifting systemic regimes. These customary lines of separation are sensible enough and duly acknowledged by the author of the present book. However, the account deserves credit for identifying continuities and transitions between the periods. The result is a coherent, accessible and convincing representation of the relation between on the one hand political decisions and state agency, and on the other hand the broader social and economic development of Norway in the twentieth century. It is a pleasure to observe that Old Institutionalism – duly updated – focused on major themes of undoubted importance in economic history is still alive and kicking.

Motmakt og Samfundsbygger

usually carved up according to shifting systemic regimes. These customary lines of separation are sensible enough and duly acknowledged by the author of the present book. However, the account deserves credit for identifying continuities and transitions between the periods. The result is a coherent, accessible and convincing representation of the relation between on the one hand political decisions and state agency, and on the other hand the broader social and economic development of Norway in the twentieth century. It is a pleasure to observe that Old Institutionalism – duly updated – focused on major themes of undoubted importance in economic history is still alive and kicking.

Motmakt og Samfundsbygger: Med torsken og Norges Råfisklag gjennom 75 år

usually carved up according to shifting systemic regimes. These customary lines of separation are sensible enough and duly acknowledged by the author of the present book. However, the account deserves credit for identifying continuities and transitions between the periods. The result is a coherent, accessible and convincing representation of the relation between on the one hand political decisions and state agency, and on the other hand the broader social and economic development of Norway in the twentieth century. It is a pleasure to observe that Old Institutionalism – duly updated – focused on major themes of undoubted importance in economic history is still alive and kicking.

Reviews of Matthew McKenzie, Clearing the Coastline: The Nineteenth-Century Ecological and Cultural Transformation of Cape Cod:

Three themes with contemporary significance emerge from Matthew McKenzies history of nineteenth-century Cape Cod. First, the marginalization and ultimate replacement of fishers using simple harvest technologies reads like prophesy of what was to come in global fisheries over the past fifty years in developing nations of the tropics. The second theme is the politicized role of science in fisheries management. Finally, the contemporary challenge facing fishers of Cape Cod and other parts of the United States to maintain access to a working waterfront of docks and other infrastructure necessary for their support in the face of competing economic interests represents a continuation of McKenzies nineteenth-century story into the twenty-first century. These three themes are explored in the present essay. Studies of small-scale coastal fishers from different parts of the world prior to the 1950s depict conditions not unlike those found in coastal Cape Cod a century earlier, with fishing being dependent largely on non-motorized boats