Mualla Balaban

The composition of volatile extractives from the wood of Juniperus excelsa, Juniperus foetidissima and Juniperus oxycedrus

J. excelsa, J. foetidissima and J. oxycedrus. Among the compounds the monoterpenes exist in minor amounts while the sesquiterpenes including their oxygenated members as well as sesquiterpene alcohols consist of the majority of the whole substances. The existence of some compounds of the oils might be attributes of the species and their sap- and heartwood. On the other side though notable differences, the essential oils of Turkish juniper woods resemble the commercial cedar wood oils.J. excelsa, J. foetidissima und J. oxycedrus. Monoterpene bilden einen geringen Anteil der Extraktstoffe. Der Hauptteil besteht aus Sesquiterpenen mit deren Oxydationsprodukten. Das Vorkommen einiger der Öle könnte charakteristisch sein für die jeweilige Art bzw. deren Splint- und Kernholz Allerdings gleichen diese Öle, trotz geringer Unterschiede, den wesentlichen Ölbestandteilen von Kommerziellen Zedernhölzern.

Fungal growth inhibition by wood extracts from Juniperus foetidissima and J. oxycedrus

SubjectSap- and heartwood extracts obtained by successive extractions with cyclohexane, chloroform, ethanol and hot water from J. foetidissima and J. oxycedrus were tested for their antifungal activity by using the agar plate method. Generally, the extractive substances of heartwoods soluble in nonpolar or slightly polar solvents show higher activities, whereas the extract fractions with higher polarity also seem to possess notable inhibition in case of sapwoods.

Cyclohexane extracts of black pine wood naturally grown in eastern Thrace

Pinus nigra var. pallasiana, naturally grown in eastern Thrace, were analyzed by means of GC-MS with regard to tree growth rate and chemotaxonomic purposes. High amounts of sterols but less resin acid content are distinctive for slow growing wood. Compared to extractives of Anatolian black pine, Thracian wood yields greater amounts of resin acids but somewhat less sterols suggesting that it can rather be considered as an ecotype. Pinifolic acid, manoyl oxide and cembrene were detected in Thracian specimens, but their existence in Anatolia black Pine is unknown.Pinus nigra var. pallasiana, die natürlich in Ost-Trazien vorkommt, wurden mittels GC-MS analysiert im Hinblick auf Unterschiede in der Wachstumsgeschwindigkeit der Bäume bzw. für chemotaxonomische Zwecke. Hohe Sterolanteile aber geringere Mengen an Harzsäuren erwiesen sich als charakteristische Unterscheidungsmerkmale für langsam wachsendes Holz. Im Vergleich zu Extraktstoffen der Schwarzkiefer aus Anatolien enthalten die thrakischen Hölzer mehr Harzsäuren, jedoch etwas geringere Sterolanteile; es handelt sich daher wahrscheinlich eher um eine ökologische Unterart. Pinifolsäure, Manoyloxid und Cembren wurden in den thrakischen Proben gefunden; dagegen ist deren Vorkommen in der anatolischen Schwarzkiefer nicht bekannt.

The acidity of hardwoods and softwoods grown in Turkey

Commercially important hardwood and softwood species grown in Belgrad Forest (European part of Istanbul) were investigated with regard to their acidity, hot water solubility and ash content.