Muhammad Ahmad

Combination of Er: YAG laser and CO2 laser treatment on skin Tissue

Skin is the most important organ in our body, as it protects us from external environmental effects. Study the ability of the skin to stretch and the histological examinations of irradiated tissues have significant values in scientific and medical applications. Only a few studies have been done to study the correlation between epidermis ablation and the changes that occur at dermal levels when using dual lasers in ablative resurfacing mode. The aim of this work is to determine this correlation and to estimate the effects of multiple pulses on induced collagen remodeling and the strength of skin exposed with dual lasers in an in vivo rat model. All laser exposures led to mark improvement in the skins strength compared to their own controls. The histological investigation indicated that there was a thickness loss in the epidermis layer with the induction of deep collagen coagulation in the dermis layer as the dual laser pulses increased. Additionally, more collagen fibers were remolded in the treated samples by dual wavelengths. We conclude that by combining dual lasers with multiple pulses targeted at not only the epidermis layer of the skin, it could also induce some heat diffusion in the dermis layer which causes more coagulation of collagen fibers. The tensile results confirmed by our histological data demonstrate that the strength of irradiated skin with dual wavelengths increased more than using both lasers separately on the skin tissue since more collagen is induced.

The effect of CO2 laser treatment on skin tissue

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of multiple pulses on the depth of injury caused by CO2 laser in an in vivo rat model.

A new practical classification for spatial distribution and morphology of human hair: Ahmad's LGMA classification

The human hair is a complex structure with a diversity within itself. There is a wide variation in distribution and spatial arrangement of hairs.

Hairline Designing: A Wall Mirror—A Simple Solution of a Critical Problem:

Anterior hairline is the most important point in the hair restoration surgery. Placement of the hairline defines the naturalness of the results. Ideally, the face is divided into 3 equal parts, ie, the length of the nose from nasion to the tip equals the distance between chin and nasal base and also equals the distance of nasion to hairline (Figure 1). With the advancing age, there is deframing of the face resulting due to the increase in the width of the forehead (receding hairline). There are certain important points in hairline recreation and many factors need to be taken in consideration. The family history, the baldness pattern, the patient’s expectations, the donor density, all are major factors while positioning the new hairline. In the patients with early hair loss (Norwood type II or III), it is not very difficult. In advanced baldness (Norwood type VI or VII), the anterior hairline placement is of utmost importance. Hairline which is too low will give an impression of “artificial” looks or the looks of having a “hairpiece.” Hairline which is too high will result in improper framing of the face. There are various methods to a design hairline. The most important point in hairline design is the mid-frontal point (MFP) and the symmetrical curves on either side using rule of fifth’s (Figure 2). Various other factors also play important role. These include the shape of the forehead, skull features, donor density, patient’s age, etc. We are hereby describing a very simple way to design anterior hairline

When and How to Restore Temporal Point Recession

In the majority of patients, male pattern baldness is associated with loss of varying degrees in the temporal area. It is very important to restore the temporal points in these patients to give an aesthetically pleasing effect. Temporal point restoration results in high patient satisfaction, and while various methods are available, the most important concept remains the restoration of normal hair angles in the newly created temporal points.

Measurements of tension on wound edges after strip harvest surgery

To measure the wound closure tension after strip surgery.

Effect of platelets-rich plasma on scalp hair diameter

To measure the effects of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) on hair diameter in Pakistani population.

Analysis of the changes in scalp hair angles: In vivo and in vitro comparison before and after tumescence

To estimate the hair shaft exit angles and also to check the effect of tumescence on the hair angles.

Comparison of three strip harvesting technqiues (Haber's, Pathomvanich's and Ahmad's techniques)

To compare the three techniques, that is, using tissue spreader, using skin hooks technique, and using sharp scissor techniques.

Comparison of tissue loss by different punches: A new A-design

To compare the amount of tissue loss using different FUE punches.