Muhammad Da'i

Nanoencapsulation of Zerumbone in Oleic Acid-Modified Chitosan Nanoparticles

Zerumbone is an active compound of Zingiber zerumbet which has been shown to possess antioxidant and anticancer activities. The limited therapeutic application of this compound was due to its poor water solubility. The aim of this study was to encapsulate zerumbone in hydrophobic chitosan nanoparticles that modified using oleic acid. Oleic acid-modified chitosan was synthesized by coupling chitosan with oleic acid through the 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide HCl-mediated reaction, and was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Isolated zerumbone was coated by oleic acid-modified chitosan using ionic-gelation method. The nanoparticles was characterized using particle size analyzer for particle size and zeta potential, and the entrapment efficiency was determined by measuring the concentration of zerumbone using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. It was found that prepared zerumbone loaded-nanoparticles had an average size in the range from 500 to 580 nm and carried a positive charge with the zeta potential in the range of +16 to +30 mV. The entrapment efficiency of nanoparticles was about 6 times higher than encapsulation efficiency of zerumbone in chitosan nanoparticles. The nanoparticles have great potential for delivery of zerumbone as anticancer.

Cytotoxic Effect of Jati Belanda Leaves towards Cancer Cell Lines

The initial research of Jati Belanda leaves extract (JBE) showed the inhibition of breast cancer cell growth (T47D). The phytochemistry screening showed that JBE contain flavonoid, alkaloid, polifenol, and volatile oil. The development of anticancer drugs need the molecular mechanism investigation in order to produce cancer-targeted drugs. The objective of this research is to determine the molecular mechanism of JBE cytotoxicity effect towards cancer cell lines. This research began with cytotoxicity asssay in vitro of JBE towards some cancer cell lines by MTT method. JBE was given in some variety of concentration. The result of this study showed that JBE do not contain tirosid, and contain flavonoid in the concentration of 0,976%. The result of cytotoxicity assay towards MCF-7, HeLa, T47D and Vero showed IC 50 value 36,50; 58,02; 53,36; 1806,22 dan 2451,65 µg/mL respectively. It is concluded that JBE have a strong potency to inhibit the growth of WiDr cancer cell line. Keywords : jati belanda, T47D cells, cytotoxicity

Acetoxy Chavicol Acetate (ACA) Concentration and Cytotoxic Activity of Alpinia galanga Extract on HeLa, MCF7 and T47D Cancer Cell Lines

Due to severe side effect and non-specific chemotherapeutic agent, screening and discovery for cancer therapy are still working, especially from natural resources. Traditionally, people used herbal medicine either to prevent or cure diseases. One of herbal that commonly used in Indonesia is Alpinia galangal . Previous study stated that active compound is acetoxy chavicol acetate (ACA) and active as anticancer. This research aimed to determine ACA concentration and cytotoxic activity of Alpinia galanga extract (AGE) from three local markets on HeLa, MCF7 and T47D cell lines. The galangal used from three local markets namely Pasar Legi Surakarta, Beringharjo Yogyakarta, and Wonogiri. The extraction was performed by maceration using 96% ethanol as solvent. ACA quantitation using UV spectrophotometer at λ = 208.5 nm. Samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extraction using an ethyl acetate. Cytotoxic activities were performed by MTT assay. The result showed that the concentration of ACA of AGE from the three local markets were 3.798; 0.035; and 0.009 % w/w, respectively. Cytotoxic activity, describes as IC 50 value, on HeLa cell line of AGE from three local markets, in order were 13.26; 36.32 and > 100 µg/ mL. Meanwhile, AGE from Pasar Legi on MCF7 and T47D cell lines have IC 50 value of 15.80; 12.50 µg/ mL, respectively. In contrast, two other samples have IC 50 values of greater than 100 µg/ mL. The highest activity was from the highest concentration of ACA on the samples. Key words : Alpinia galanga , HeLa, T47D, MCF7 and Acetoxy chavicol acetate

(2E,5E)-2,5-Bis(4-hy­droxy-3-meth­oxy­benzyl­idene)cyclo­penta­none ethanol monosolvate

In the title structure, C21H20O5·C2H5OH, the curcumine-type molecule has a double E conformation for the two benzylidene double bonds [C=C = 1.342 (4) and 1.349 (4) Å] and is nearly planar with respect to the non-H atoms (r.m.s. deviation from planarity = 0.069 Å). The two phenolic OH groups form bifurcated hydrogen bonds with intramolecular branches to adjacent methoxy O atoms and intermolecular branches to either a neighbouring molecule or an ethanol solvent molecule. The ethanol O atom donates a hydrogen bond to the keto O atom. These hydrogen bonds link the constituents into layers parallel to (101) in the crystal structure.