Muhammad Ikman Ishak

Finite element analysis of different surgical approaches in various occlusal loading locations for zygomatic implant placement for the treatment of atrophic maxillae.

The aim of this study was to compare two different types of surgical approaches, intrasinus and extramaxillary, for the placement of zygomatic implants to treat atrophic maxillae. A computational finite element simulation was used to analyze the strength of implant anchorage for both approaches in various occlusal loading locations. Three-dimensional models of the craniofacial structures surrounding a region of interest, soft tissue and framework were developed using computed tomography image datasets. The implants were modelled using computer-aided design software. The bone was assumed to be linear isotropic with a stiffness of 13.4 GPa, and the implants were assumed to be made of titanium with a stiffness of 110 GPa. Masseter forces of 300 N were applied at the zygomatic arch, and occlusal loads of 150 N were applied vertically onto the framework surface at different locations. The intrasinus approach demonstrated more satisfactory results and could be a viable treatment option. The extramaxillary approach could also be recommended as a reasonable treatment option, provided some improvements are made to address the cantilever effects seen with that approach.

Finite Element Analysis of Zygomatic Implants in Intrasinus and Extramaxillary Approaches for Prosthetic Rehabilitation in Severely Atrophic Maxillae

PURPOSE To compare the extramaxillary approach with the widely used intrasinus approach via finite element method. MATERIALS AND METHODS A unilateral three-dimensional model of the craniofacial area surrounding the region of interest was developed using computed tomography image datasets. The zygomatic implants were modeled using three-dimensional computer-aided design software and virtually placed according to the described techniques together with one conventional implant and a prosthesis. The bone was assumed to be linear isotropic with a stiffness of 13.4 GPa, while the implants were of titanium alloy with a stiffness of 110 GPa. Masseter forces were applied at the zygomatic arch, and occlusal loads were applied to the surface of the prosthesis. The stresses and displacements generated on the surrounding bone and within the implant due to the simulated loading configuration were analyzed. RESULTS The bone-implant interface and zygomatic implant body for the intrasinus approach produced 1.41- and 4.27-fold higher stress, respectively, compared with the extramaxillary approach under vertical loading. However, under lateral loading, the extramaxillary approach generated 2.48-fold higher stress than the intrasinus at the bone-implant interface. The zygomatic implant in the extramaxillary approach had twofold higher micromotion than those with intrasinus approach under lateral loading. CONCLUSIONS No one technique was found to be superior; however, if lateral loading is used, the intrasinus approach is the most favorable for the rehabilitation of severely atrophic maxillae.

Effects of different zygomatic implant body surface roughness and implant length on stress distribution

Among factors to contribute for the primary implant stability are implant design parameters as well as implant body surface condition. Through this study, the stress distribution within bone around implant will be investigated under variation of implant lengths and surface conditions by using three dimensional finite element analysis. Six finite element models involving three different zygomatic implant lengths - 46.5 mm, 41.5 mm and 36.5 mm with a smooth surface and rough surface of implant body have been analyzed. Three dimensional models of craniofacial including soft tissue and prosthesis were constructed from computed tomography (CT) images datasets. The implant models were developed using computer-aided design (CAD) software and all models were analyzed via finite element analysis software. A 230N of vertical force was applied on top surface of prosthesis in second premolar region and a masseter load of 300N applied at zygomatic arch. The result showed that the increase of zygomatic implant length shows an ability to reduce both cortical and cancellous bone stress. Besides, the use of rough implant surface has resulted in reduction of stress value at bone-implant interface as well as at surrounding bone. The alveolar bone seems to play a lesser significant role in the zygomatic implant anchorage compared to the zygomatic bone.

Biomechanics in Dentistry: Evaluation of Different Surgical Approaches to Treat Atrophic Maxilla Patients

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Effects of Different Angulation Placement of Mini-Implant in Orthodontic

Orthodontic is one of the treatments in dentistry field which concerned on malocclusion treatments such as improper bites, tooth irregularity and disproportionate jaw relationships. The mini-implant (OMI) is one of the components used in the orthodontic treatment, besides braces and spring. The application of OMI has been well accepted in orthodontic treatment. However, one of the main factors of OMI failures is the implant insertion procedure in which the clinician find it difficult to obtain the best angle to insert the OMI. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate stress in an OMI and bones using the finite element analysis (FEA) with variations of insertion angles and to identify their optimal angle for the implant placement. The three dimensional (3D) model of a left maxillary posterior bone section was constructed based on CT image dataset. That 3D model consists of cortical bone, cancellous bone, second premolar, first molar and second molar teeth. The 3D model of OMI was placed between root of second premolar and first molar teeth. The OMI was simulated with seven different angles of insertions: 30˚, 40˚, 50˚, 60˚, 70˚, 80˚ and 90˚. Within the seven different insertion angles, the results showed that the increase of insertion angle reduced the maximum equivalent von Mises stress in cortical bone, cancellous bone and OMI. Based on this FEA study, the optimal angle placement of OMI is when the implant positioned at vertical angle (90˚) to the bone surface.

New approach for quality control in manufacturing process

This study was regulated exclusively in view of theoretical aspect and further research should be done to demonstrate it in the genuine circumstance. The structure of this investigation including two industrial visits, i.e. interviews and meeting with approved staff from each organization agents. This review is cut up into two sections. Aside from the perception, little gatherings with the staffs from both organizations are held. With the subtle elements, the review is begun up. The aim of the study is characterized as to enhance the assessment strategy at quality control station to minimize defect outflow to the following client. This is to investigate the underlying factor in ebb and flow quality control framework so that another strategy to enhance quality control framework can implemented. Quality is a basic characteristic to be instated so that the end goal to fulfill clients’ need is achieved. After a long hypothetical review is made, the best answer for be actualized at QG station to beat defects o...

The effect of hydrophilicity of graphene oxide as additive towards performance of polysulfone membrane

This study investigates the effect of hydrophilicity of graphene oxide as additive towards properties and performance on polysulfone (PSf) membrane. A polysulfone (PSf) membrane containing graphene oxide (GO) with different content was prepared via phase inversion technique. Characterization on the fabricated membrane were water contact angle measurement, porosity and mean pore size. The effects of PSf/GO were further investigated in terms of permeation test, rejection test and antifouling test. Based on the result obtained, PSf membrane incorporating with GO additive shows better capability to permeate more water compared to unfilled PSf membrane. The PSf/GO membrane were able to increase the permeate rate rapidly with the highest value is given by sample 4 (consist of 0.7 g of GO) at 571.78 J/m2h. Furthermore, water contact angle confirmed the hydrophilicity of this membrane at 62°. The transmembrane fouling activity showed that GO embedded in PSf membrane has improved tremendously. In addition, this st...

Biomechanical evaluation of different abutment-implant connections – A nonlinear finite element analysis

The success of dental implant surgery is majorly dependent on the stability of prosthesis to anchor to implant body as well as the integration of implant body to bone. The attachment between dental implant body and abutment plays a vital role in attributing to the stability of dental implant system. A good connection between implant body cavity to abutment may minimize the complications of abutment loosening and implant fractures as widely reported in clinical findings. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of different abutment-implant connections on stress dispersion within the abutment and implant bodies as well as displacement of implant body via three-dimensional (3-D) finite element analysis (FEA). A 3-D model of mandible was reconstructed from computed tomography (CT) image datasets using an image-processing software with the selected region of interest was the left side covering the second premolar, first molar and second molar regions. The bone was modelled as compact (cortical) and ...

An auto lifting device to lift manhole cover with ergonomics consideration

The sewerage and maintenance process of manhole is important to ensure that the underground pipelines and other systems are in good condition. The manhole is covered with manhole cover to prevent people, animals or any objects fall into it. The manhole cover has one pocket which is to lock it and ensure that nobody open it. A questionnaire survey is distributed to the workers at Indah Water Konsortium Sdn Bhd, Kuala Lumpur and interviews are conducted with Indah Water Konsortium (IWK) and Jabatan Perkhidmatan Pembentungan (JPP), Selangor to access the user requirements and needs for an effective manhole cover lifter. Currently, the workers used a T-hook to unlock the heavy manhole cover and lift it. However, this method affected some of the workers because they experienced back, legs, shoulders and arm injuries. The T-hook is also quite heavy and it is difficult to bring anywhere. Based on the result of questionnaire survey, four concepts are designed to create new manhole cover lifter with automated oper...

The effect of silica toward polymer membrane for water separation process

The aim of this present work was to investigate the effect of different percentage rice husk silica (RHS) particles composition towards polymer mixed matrix membrane microstructure and performance in water separation process. The polymer membranes were prepared by a phase inversion method using polysulfone (PSf), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as solvent, distilled water as non-solvent and fixed RHS at 400°C as an additive. The microstructures of PSf/PEG/RHS sample were characterized by performing scanning electron microscope (SEM). The performance was measured by using pure water flux and humic acid for the rejection test. The analyzed result of SEM analysis revealed that the addition of RHS obviously improved the microstructure of the membrane especially at the top and sub layer at the range of 1 until 3 wt. %. This was proven by the pure water flux (PWF) value measured from 114.47 LMH to 154.04 LMH and rejection from value 83% to 96% at this specified range substantially higher than the mixed matrix memb...