Muhammad Usman

Incidence of different insect visitors and their relative abundance associated with coriander (Coriandrum sativum) in district Charsadda

Virtually all flowering plants on the earth need pollinators for their pollination. Pollinators provide pollination services to more than 1200 crop species. Here, we analyzed the diversity of pollinators and their relative abundance on coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) planted at Bacha Khan University Charsadda Agriculture Research farm (BARF). Sampling was done on weekly basis at two time interval from10:00-12:00pm and 03:00-05:00pm. A total of 10 insect species were recorded pollinating coriander from insect orders Diptera, Hymenoptera Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. Pollinator’s activities were recorded in peak during the month of April from 10:00-12:00pm. Apis mellifera, Eristalis tenax, Episyrphus balteatus and Megachile spp. showed higher abundance.

Per-operative findings in patients operated for spinal dysraphism: A study of 96 cases

This study was conducted to study the perioperative findings in patients of spinal dysraphism. This observational study was conducted in Neurosurgery Department of Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from January 2008 to December 2009. All the patients of spinal dysraphism less than 2 years of age were included in this study, while patients with ruptured spinal dysraphism at the time of presentation and with concomitant established hydrocephalus were excluded. Data was collected and analyzed by descriptive statistics using software SPSS version 17. Out of 96 patients operated for spinal dysraphism; 62 (64.58%) were males and 34 (35.42%) females. Eighty three patients (86.45%) were less than 1 yr, while 13 (13.54%) were above 1 yr. Peri-operative findings were: myelomeningocele in 50 (52.08%) patients, meningocele (MC) in 29 (30.20%), lipomyelomeningocele in six (6.25%), lipoma of cord with tethered cord in five (5.2%), MC with tethered cord in three (3.12%) patients, diastematomyelia in two (2.08%), while dermal sinus was found in one (1.04%) patient. In patients of spinal dysraphism less than 2 yr of age, more than 2/3rd of the patients presented with myelomeningocele and MC, while other features (such as lipomyelomeningocele, lipoma of cord with tethered cord, MC with tethered cord, diastematomyelia and dermal sinus) comprise only less than 20% of the spectrum.