Muhammad Zakarya

Grid High Availability and Service Security Issues with Solutions

DDoS attacks are launched through sending a large quantity of packets to a target machine, using instantaneous teamwork of multiple hosts which are distributed throughout the Grid computing environment. Today DDoS attacks on the Internet in general and especially in Grid Computing environment has become a visible issue in computer networks. DDoS attacks are easy to generate but their detection is a very difficult task and therefore, an attractive weapon for hackers. DDoS streams do not have familiar characteristics, therefore currently available IDS cannot detect these attacks perfectly. Similarly, there implementation is a challenging task. In practice, Gossip based DDoS attacks detection mechanism is used to detect such types of attacks in network, by exchanging traffic over line. Gossip based techniques results in network congestion and have overhead of extra packets. Keeping the above drawbacks in mind, we are going to propose a DDoS detection and prevention mechanism, that has the beauty of being easy to adapt and more reliable than existing counterparts. We are going to introduce entropy based detection mechanism for DDoS attack detection. Our proposed solution has no overhead of extra packets, hence resulting in good QoS. Once DDoS is detected, any prevention technique can be used to prevent DDoS in Grid environment.

An Overview of File Server Group in Distributed Systems

The file server is a key factor to accomplish the data sharing essential in distributed systems. The file server is perhaps the most heavily used resource of the distributed systems and as an outcome; its performance is vital and critical to the victory of the system. The explosive growth of the Web contents and Internet users has led to increasing concentration on two major challenges in these systems: scalability and high availability of network file system. A simple load-sharing mechanism for the NFS client to switch to a lightly-load server based on the number of NFS clients RPC requests for a period of time, making these systems more efficient and scalable. The replication techniques are used for improving the availability of Distributed systems in FSG. We also discussed distributed application in terms of java programming language. In this paper we have proposed a new architecture for Distributed Systems that provides better security. Our proposed solution is more secure & efficient in the sense that a client can not search the whole group for a specific file, because the group header maintains a huge database of all the group members along with their specific services they offers. Also load balancing mechanism is improved where the group header keeps a record of connected users to a specific server. Every group member is not required to advertise their state.

Energy crisis, global warming & IT industry: Can the IT professionals make it better some day? A review

Global Warming (1GW) and Energy Crisis (2EC) have forced the researchers at teaching institutes, organizations, industry, research laboratories and other academia to study and minimize the power requirements of digital and electronic devices especially the huge amount of computers in the global village. Internet Data Centers (3IDC) are growing to large scale in Information & Communication Technology (4ICT) industry especially with the development of Cloud Computing (5CC) platform and their operation cost is of utmost importance to the energy suppliers. With the rise of new computing era i.e. Green computing there is a need to reduce the power consumption in IDC, Information Technology (6IT) equipments, processing of information and communication media that will result in lower Green House Gas (7GHG) emission. This research work will study Green Computing and will result in solutions to reduce the energy consumed by IT world. The paper also tries to summarize new research directions for new researchers in this field.

Collating and Analysing State-of-the-Art Hierarchical Routing Protocols in WSN to Increase Network Lifetime and Conserve Energy

The wireless sensor network has many sensor nodes that magnetized higher terms in recent years like high energy consumption and low the network lifespan. The aim of this paper is to conserve energy and increase network lifetime. The result is based on the comparison of the state of the art routing protocols e.g. Leach, Leach-Tlch, Teen, Apteen and Adaptive Threshold. The Leach is the base for all registered routing protocols and also the main reason of comparison with state-of-the-art protocols. Leach protocol has some drawbacks in it, Thus, the Teen and the Apteen surmounts the disadvantage faced by the Leach. However, to overcome the issues present in both the protocols, the Adaptive Threshold is integrated that produce some advanced terms for improvising the energy efficiency and the lifespan of WSNs. The primary objective of this paper is to compare and distribute the routing protocol whose consumption of energy decreases with the improvement in the networks lifetime. The proposed model describes the comparison made between the routing networks. The benefits of the model are to achieve the low energy consumption by the sensor nodes that increase the networks lifetime. Chart and tables evaluate the results.