Muhammet Duman

Geochemistry of the northern Cyprus (NE Mediterranean) shelf sediments: Implications for anthropogenic and lithogenic impact.

The concentrations of heavy metals and organic carbon in sediment were determined to evaluate spatial distributions from the three different regions of Cilician basin (Eastern Mediterranean) in 2011. The ranges of Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, As, Fe and organic carbon contents of sediments from the study area were 1.6-74, 1.6-9.2, 5.0-78, 6.6-114, 1.6-17, 141-1241, 9.0-46, 3.3-55.4, 1800-84400mg kg(-1) and 0.99-1.66%, respectively. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Co, Cr, Al were lower than those average crustal values, which indicated that there were no major sources of pollution for these elements. The results showed that the sediments of northern, eastern and western shelf were polluted with As, Ni and Mn, As and Cu, Fe, respectively. The contamination factor of Cu in the western and As were found to be of moderate contamination in the eastern and northern parts of the study area. Metal levels were evaluated in sediments in accordance with the numerical SQG of the USEPA.

Heavy Metal Concentrations in Surficial and Core Sediments from Izmir Bay: An Assessment of Contamination and Comparison Against Sediment Quality Benchmarks

The levels of heavy metals were determined in surface and core sediments from the Izmir Bay in 2009. The highest concentrations of As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were found in the inner bay due to industrial activities. In contrast, maximum levels of Mn, Co, Fe and Al were observed in the outer bay, due to geochemical structure. Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, As, Cr and Co levels in the upper layer of core sediments were higher than the mean background values of bottom sediments. The enrichment of Cr, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cu and As in the bay seems to be driven by anthropogenic sources. It was found that the sediments in Izmir Inner Bay were generally polluted heavily with Cu, As, Ni, Cr, Pb and moderately with Zn according to the numerical Sediment quality guidelines of the USEPA.

Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Cilician Basin shelf sediments (NE Mediterranean)

This study corresponds to preliminary work representing an initial assessment for spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Cilician Basin coastal sediments. The concentrations of PAHs in shelf sediments were determined from the three different regions of Cilician Basin (Eastern Mediterranean) in 2011. Concentrations of PAHs were low 5.43-271 ng g(-1) with respect to other coastal sediments in the Mediterranean and these results could be compared with concentrations found in open sea areas. PAH composed mainly of pyrolytic four and five-ring compounds. An abundance of high molecular weight PAHs indicated that atmospheric particles and urban aerosols are the major input route of hydrocarbons in the Cilician and Lattakia Basins. PAH levels were assessed in accordance with numerical Sediment Quality Guideline (SQG) of the USEPA. The results showed that no samples exceeded biological thresholds to pose biological impairments.

Sedimentology and geochemistry of mud volcanoes in the Anaximander Mountain Region from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea

Investigations carried out on surface sediments collected from the Anaximander mud volcanoes in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea to determine sedimentary and geochemical properties. The sediment grain size distribution and geochemical contents were determined by grain size analysis, organic carbon, carbonate contents and element analysis. The results of element contents were compared to background levels of Earths crust. The factors that affect element distribution in sediments were calculated by the nine push core samples taken from the surface of mud volcanoes by the E/V Nautilus. The grain size of the samples varies from sand to sandy silt. Enrichment and Contamination factor analysis showed that these analyses can also be used to evaluate of deep sea environmental and source parameters. It is concluded that the biological and cold seep effects are the main drivers of surface sediment characteristics from the Anaximander mud volcanoes.

Organochlorine compounds in surface sediments from the northern coast of Cyprus, Eastern Mediterranean: Levels, possible sources and potential risk

Organochlorines (OCs) were determined in sediments collected from different regions of northern coast of Cyprus. The OCPs and Aroclors had a wide range from 2.78 to 306 and 15 to 325ngg(-1), respectively. The highest level was found at Yedi Dalga site. DDE was the most abundant compound. The ratios of metabolites to parent DDT showed that DDTs were derived mostly from the aged and weathered inputs. Comparing our results with the previous studies showed that POPs in sediments were found to be lower than those in samples for Mediterranean and Black Sea coasts. The SQG implied that, Aroclor1254 exceeded the TEL values, showing that adverse biological effects are expected occasionally at some of the sediment samples. DDTs were dominant and more ecotoxicological concern in the northern Cyprus. Altogether, it may be summarized that DDTs will impose ecologically hazardous impacts in the sedimentary environment at the present.

The Importance of Marıne Base Morphology and Surface Structures in the Selection of Fish Farms in Ildır And Gulluk Gulf

2013-2015 yılları arasında Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi (DEÜ) Deniz Bilimleri ve Teknolojisi Enstitüsü olarak, T.C. Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı adına gerçekleştirilen “Çevresel Açıdan Sürdürülebilir Çevre Dostu Balık Çiftlikleri Sisteminin Oluşturulması Projesi” kapsamında Ildır ve Güllük körfezlerindeki mevcut balık çiftliklerinin bulunduğu alanlarda çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Çalışmalarda hedeflenen en önemli amaç, her iki körfezdeki balık çiftliklerinin olduğu yerlerdeki deniz tabanı morfolojik özellikleriyle birlikte ilgili çalışmaların bilgileri esas alınarak çiftlik alanlarının dinamiği konusunda tahminler yapmak ve denizel ortamdaki ince materyalin taşınımı ve depolanma alanları hakkında bilgiler elde etmektir. Bu kapsamda iki yıl boyunca, R/V K.Piri Reis ve Dokuz Eylül-1 araştırma gemileriyle alanlarda batimetrik, sığ sismik ve sedimantolojik incelemeler yapılmıştır. Ortaya çıkan batimetrik bulgularda Ildır Körfezi için çalışılan alanda derinliklerin 20-69 m, Güllük Körfezi içinse 44-53 m aralığında olduğudur. Sismik bulgularda her iki körfezin Holosen dönemi taban altı sediman tabakalanmalarının detaylarına ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlardan en önemlisi Güllük Körfez’indeki sedimantasyon oranının Ildır Körfez’ininkine göre yüksek olduğudur. Bugüne kadar ülkemizde pek örneğine rastlanmayan bu çalışmanın sonunda, sadece jeolojik olarak değil diğer disiplinler (kimya, biyoloji ve fiziksel oşinografi vb.) ile birlikte ABSTRACT